Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

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          <div xml:id="echoid-div763" type="section" level="2" n="141">
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22945" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="302" file="514.01.334" n="334" rhead="LIBER"/>
              magni fuerint, qui ab ipſa natione Chaldęorum profluxerunt, oſtendunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22946" xml:space="preserve">Primusq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22947" xml:space="preserve">Beroſus in in-
                <lb/>
              ſula, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22948" xml:space="preserve">ciuitate Coo conſedit, ibiq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22949" xml:space="preserve">aperuit diſciplinam. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22950" xml:space="preserve">poſtea ſtudens Antipater, itemq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22951" xml:space="preserve">Achina-
                <lb/>
              polus, qui etiam none naſcentia, ſed ex conceptione genethliologiæ rationes explicatas reliquit.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22952" xml:space="preserve">De natu ralibus autem rebus Thales Mileſius, Anaxagoras Clazomenius, Pythagoras Samius, Xeno-
                <lb/>
              phantes Colophonius, Democritus Abderites, rationes, quibus e rebus natura rerum gubernaretur,
                <lb/>
              quemadmodum quoſque affectus habent,excogitatas reliquerunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22953" xml:space="preserve">Quorum inu enta ſequuti, ſyde-
                <lb/>
              rum ortus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22954" xml:space="preserve">occaſus, tempeſtatumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22955" xml:space="preserve">ſignificatus Eudoxus, Eudamon, Calliſtus, Melo, Philippus,
                <lb/>
              Hipparchus, Aratus, cæteriq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22956" xml:space="preserve">ex Aſtrologia parapegmatorum diſciplinis inuenerunt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22957" xml:space="preserve">eas poſteris
                <lb/>
              explicatas reliquerunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22958" xml:space="preserve">Quorum ſcientiæ ſunt hominibus ſuſpiciendę, quod tanta cura fuerunt, ut
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.334-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.334-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              etiam uideantur diuina mente tempeſtatum ſignificatus poſt ſuturos, ante pronunciare, quas ob res
                <lb/>
              hæc eorum curis, ſtudijsq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22959" xml:space="preserve">ſunt concedenda.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22960" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22961" xml:space="preserve">Aedificiorum, ciuitatum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22962" xml:space="preserve">urbium, ne dum hominum genituras mathematici ſolent explorare, ſyderaq́;
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22963" xml:space="preserve">orientia, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22964" xml:space="preserve">cadentia perpendere, ut cognoſcant quid cuique euenturum ſit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22965" xml:space="preserve">prænuntient fata rerum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22966" xml:space="preserve">Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22967" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              reijcit ab Architecto eam curam, quam multo magis renuere Chriſtiani debent, quare & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22968" xml:space="preserve">nos eam a noſtris
                <lb/>
              studijs ( ut diximus ) meritò abdicauimus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22969" xml:space="preserve">Sunt autem parapegmata ( ut Philander notat ) Astronomica
                <lb/>
              inſtrumenta, quibus ortus, occaſusq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22970" xml:space="preserve">ſyderum, tempeſtatumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22971" xml:space="preserve">ſignificationes cogno ſcuntur, atque inueniun-
                <lb/>
              tur; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22972" xml:space="preserve">dicta, quod ex multis uarijsq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22973" xml:space="preserve">concinnata eſſent, ſiue tabellis, ſiue armillis, ſiue dioptris, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22974" xml:space="preserve">ligulis,
                <lb/>
              ſiue aliqua alia parte. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22975" xml:space="preserve">Cæterum Vitru. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22976" xml:space="preserve">ea ſelegit ex Astronomia, ex quibus Gnomonum æquinoctialibus
                <lb/>
              umbris analemmatorum inueniuntur deſcriptiones. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22977" xml:space="preserve">Sunt autem illa, quæ ad cœli motum pertinent, ſyderumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22978" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.334-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.334-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              contrarias motiones ſpectant, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22979" xml:space="preserve">diſpoſitio imaginum, utrinque ad Zonam ſignorum diſtributa. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22980" xml:space="preserve">Quare ad
                <lb/>
              rem ueniamus, in fine libri poſitas inſpicientes Tabulas a nostro præceptore Federico Delpbino conditas, è
                <lb/>
              quibus ſtellarum ſitus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22981" xml:space="preserve">ſiguratio, partes, latitudines, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22982" xml:space="preserve">longitudines, itemq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22983" xml:space="preserve">magnitudines elicere poteri-
                <lb/>
              mus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22984" xml:space="preserve">ſolidum ſphæræ,ſtellarumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22985" xml:space="preserve">globum conformare.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22986" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
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          <div xml:id="echoid-div769" type="section" level="2" n="142">
            <head xml:id="echoid-head150" style="it" xml:space="preserve">De horologiorum rationibus, & umbris gnomonum æquinoctia-
              <lb/>
            li tempore Romæ, & nonnullis alijs locis.
              <lb/>
            Cap. VIII.</head>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22987" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">NObis</emph>
              autem ab his ſeparandæ ſunt horologiorum rationes, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22988" xml:space="preserve">explicandæ menſtruæ die-
                <lb/>
              rum breuitates, atque depalationes.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22989" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22990" xml:space="preserve">Poſt longam, neceſſariam tamen digreſſionem, Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22991" xml:space="preserve">aggreditur analemmatis tractationem,
                <lb/>
              quod eſt gnomonices fundamentum, non enim conficere genus aliquod horologij docet, uiam
                <lb/>
              tamen aperit ad horologia cuiuſuis generis deſignanda. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22992" xml:space="preserve">Agit de Analemmate Ptolomæus: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22993" xml:space="preserve">in eius tractatum
                <lb/>
              Federicus Commandinus ſcite commentarios ſcripſit, cui multæ habendæ gratiæ ſunt, cum pro communi uti-
                <lb/>
              litate ſemper inuigilet: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22994" xml:space="preserve">ego certe ab eius ſententia nunquam diſcedam, atque ut illi demonſtr ationes rerum
                <lb/>
              relinquam, ita cum eo uſum analemmatis declarabo. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22995" xml:space="preserve">Eſt autem quod Ptolomæi ingenium admireris, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22996" xml:space="preserve">Com-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.334-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.334-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              mandini honestos labores commendes, utriuſque tamen induſtriam multum conferre ad Vitruuiani analemma
                <lb/>
              tis uſum exiſtimabis, quod s̃tatim manifes̃tum fiet. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22997" xml:space="preserve">Age igitur ad Vitruuium accedamus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22998" xml:space="preserve">mentem eius uni-
                <lb/>
              uerſam aperiamus altius repetentes. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s22999" xml:space="preserve">Propoſitum igitur eſt de ſecunda Architecturæ parte, quæ gnomonice
                <lb/>
              a Græcis dicitur, pertractare. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23000" xml:space="preserve">Vocabuli eius ratio a gnomone deducta eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23001" xml:space="preserve">gnomon enim norma uocatur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23002" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              quodcunque ad normam erectum eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23003" xml:space="preserve">Conſueuere autem veteres ab umbris in planum a Gnomonibus proiectis
                <lb/>
              partes diei, hoc est horas cognoſcere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23004" xml:space="preserve">Eam cognitionem gnomonicen a gnomone nominauerunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23005" xml:space="preserve">Quoniam
                <lb/>
              uero circa gnomonem aliæ aliàs pro temporum & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23006" xml:space="preserve">horarum diμerſitate umbræ in oppoſitis planis proijcie-
                <lb/>
              bantur, id obſeruantes, analemmata cœperunt deſignare. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23007" xml:space="preserve">Analemma enim eſtreſumptio quædam:</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23008" xml:space="preserve">nam priuſ-
                <lb/>
              quam horologia deſcriberent, deſignationes quaſdam ſumebant conquiſitas ex Solis curſu, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23009" xml:space="preserve">umbra gno-
                <lb/>
              monis ad deſcribendorum horologiorum rationes accommodatas. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23010" xml:space="preserve">Gnomonem uero ſchiathira, quaſi umbræ
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.334-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.334-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              indagatorem primo libro Vitruuium uocaſse uidimus: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23011" xml:space="preserve">quemadmodum uero in ædibus fabricandis modulus ac-
                <lb/>
              cipiebatur, hoc eſt certa illa, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23012" xml:space="preserve">minima menſura, qua ædificiorum partes metiri ſolemus, ita & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23013" xml:space="preserve">in horologijs
                <lb/>
              deſcribendis analemma pro modulo habetur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23014" xml:space="preserve">His poſitis & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23015" xml:space="preserve">stabilitis animaduertendum eſt ad ea. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23016" xml:space="preserve">quæ di-
                <lb/>
              cturus ſum, nam utilia erunt tum alijs multis ſpeculationibus, tum gnomonices intelligentiæ,quã optices quan-
                <lb/>
              dam partẽ eſſe manifeſtum est, de qua libellum ſtatim ædituri ſumus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23017" xml:space="preserve">Ad eas mathematicas figuras, quæ nobis
                <lb/>
              in hoc opere mir a iucunditate inſeruiunt, præcipua conus accedit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23018" xml:space="preserve">ſuperficies illa, quæ conica nominatur.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23019" xml:space="preserve">Quid uero ſit conus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23020" xml:space="preserve">conica ſuperficies hinc patebit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23021" xml:space="preserve">Imagin emur immotum ſignum, infra quod circulus de-
                <lb/>
              ſcriptus ſit, ex ſigno immoto ducatur linea ad ambitum circuli, quæ ambiat integram circinationis lineam,
                <lb/>
              deſcribet illa figuram, quam conum mathematici,pyramidem vulgus appellant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23022" xml:space="preserve">Eſto ſignum immotum ubi a. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23023" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              circulus infra poſitus b c d. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23024" xml:space="preserve">a ſigno a deſcendat linea a b. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23025" xml:space="preserve">quæ circunferatur per ambitum circuli,
                <lb/>
              donec eo redeat, unde diſceßit, aio ita deformari conum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23026" xml:space="preserve">inde ſuperficiem fieri, quæ conica nominatur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s23027" xml:space="preserve">quæ
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.334-06" xlink:href="note-514.01.334-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
              </s>
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