Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

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          <div xml:id="echoid-div86" type="section" level="2" n="41">
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s1995" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="19" file="514.01.051" n="51" rhead="PRIMVS."/>
              in operibus naturæ, plantis, animalibus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s1996" xml:space="preserve">reliquis, nam a ſolo omnia oriri debent & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s1997" xml:space="preserve">in ſolido collocari.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s1998" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s1999" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Orthographia</emph>
              autem eſt erecta frõtis imago modiceq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2000" xml:space="preserve">picta, rationibus operis futuri figura.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2001" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2002" xml:space="preserve">Orthographia non minus frontis quamlaterum erectio eſt ſi quis uim uerbi conſideret, omnis enim a uestigio
                <lb/>
              erecta magnitudo iuxta operis futuri rationem deſcripta orthogr aphia uocari pot eſt; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2003" xml:space="preserve">Deſcribuntur ergo & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2004" xml:space="preserve">re
                <lb/>
              rum frontes extimæ, intimæ, lateralesq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2005" xml:space="preserve">ſecundum ſpeciem operis propoſiti, ſiue Dorico, ſiue Ionico, ſiue alio
                <lb/>
              genere uti uelimus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2006" xml:space="preserve">Sed Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2007" xml:space="preserve">ad frontem reſpexit tanquàm ad nobiliorem partem.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2008" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2009" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Item</emph>
              Sciographia eſt frontis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2010" xml:space="preserve">laterum abſcedentium adumbratio, ad circiniq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2011" xml:space="preserve">centrum om-
                <lb/>
              nium linearum reſponſus.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2012" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2013" xml:space="preserve">Sunt qui legunt ſcenographiam, ideſt uniuerſi tecti deformationem: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2014" xml:space="preserve">ſed ſi quis recte conſideret & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2015" xml:space="preserve">diffini-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.051-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.051-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              tionem Vitruuianam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2016" xml:space="preserve">rem ipſam certe non ſcenographiam, ſed ſciographiam legi debere ( ut etiam legi-
                <lb/>
              tur ) uidebit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2017" xml:space="preserve">ſciographiam Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2018" xml:space="preserve">uidetur intelligere adumbratam rerum imaginem, ita ut frons, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2019" xml:space="preserve">latera ap
                <lb/>
              pareant, quod ſi in area plana facere uelimus, neceſſe eſt ut ad opticen confugiamus, centroq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2020" xml:space="preserve">poſito oculi
                <lb/>
              loco ad eum radios dirigamus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2021" xml:space="preserve">ita enim abſcendentias proiecturasq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2022" xml:space="preserve">partium cernemus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2023" xml:space="preserve">ſed hæc leuia ſunt, quã
                <lb/>
              uis iucunda, nec puto ita eſſe intelligendum, nam quæſo quis uſus in ædificiorum diſpoſitione erit huius adumbra
                <lb/>
              tionis? </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2024" xml:space="preserve">Magnum eſt ueſtigium operis deſcribere, nam & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2025" xml:space="preserve">partes quot, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2026" xml:space="preserve">quæ ſint in eo ſuis locis conſpiciuntur.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2027" xml:space="preserve">longitudines earum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2028" xml:space="preserve">latitudines ante oculos ponuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2029" xml:space="preserve">ſolum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2030" xml:space="preserve">area menſuratur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2031" xml:space="preserve">quæ omnia neceſſaria
                <lb/>
              ſunt ualde, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2032" xml:space="preserve">utilia: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2033" xml:space="preserve">pariratione orthographia ſpeciem operis oſtendit, altitudines metitur, uniuerſamq́ue
                <lb/>
              formam complectitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2034" xml:space="preserve">quæ etiam magni momenti eſſe cenſentur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2035" xml:space="preserve">ſed quid adumbr atio illa penſi habet in diſpoſi
                <lb/>
              tione? </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2036" xml:space="preserve">certe non uideo quid optice in hac parte nos iuuet. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2037" xml:space="preserve">Conſiderandum igitur es̃t an in diſpoſitione aliud
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.051-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.051-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              ſit quod æque utile ſit prius mente concipere, deinde lineamentis deſcribere, ac ueſtigium, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2038" xml:space="preserve">erectio, ſanè ſi
                <lb/>
              quid eſt huiuſmodi, illud eſſe puto, quoquo craſſitudines parietum, proiecturas membrorum, contractionesq́;</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2039" xml:space="preserve">,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2040" xml:space="preserve">profunditates menſuratur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2041" xml:space="preserve">nanque hoc ad ſumptuum rationem maxime facit, atque etiam ad operis cogni-
                <lb/>
              tionem: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2042" xml:space="preserve">multos enim reperies, qui apte ueſtigium deſcribent, partes ſuis in locis collocabunt, ijdemq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2043" xml:space="preserve">iuxta
                <lb/>
              operis rationem ſrontem erigent, ſed neſcient in omni ordine craſſitudinem murorum, quod abſcedit, quod
                <lb/>
              prominet pictura oſtendere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2044" xml:space="preserve">quoniam ſubtiliſſima ea ratio eſt nec omnibus expedita, cogitatione, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2045" xml:space="preserve">iudicio ni
                <lb/>
              titur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2046" xml:space="preserve">hanc ſpeciem, noſtri Profilum uocant, cuius uſus maximus eſt: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2047" xml:space="preserve">qui enim recte hanc ſpeciem deſignat ut
                <lb/>
              Medicus internas animalium partes ſectione demonstrat, ſic ille ædificiorum partes internas, externasq́ue
                <lb/>
              oſtendit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2048" xml:space="preserve">Forte addubitare quiſpiam poterit num ad pingendas ſcenas Vitru. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2049" xml:space="preserve">reſpexiſſe potuit; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2050" xml:space="preserve">nam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2051" xml:space="preserve">id ne
                <lb/>
              ceſſarium Architecto uidetur eſſe, quemadmodum quinto libro dicitur, ſed dubitare deſinet ſi conſiderauerit
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.051-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.051-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              hoc loco Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2052" xml:space="preserve">ideas diſpoſitionis ſeſe ordine quodam conſequentes expoſuiſſe, primum enim eſt ueſtigij, deinde
                <lb/>
              frontis, poſtea partium extantium, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2053" xml:space="preserve">recedentium deſcriptio, ſed melius fortaſſe dubitabis, qua ratione
                <lb/>
              frons, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2054" xml:space="preserve">latera abſcedant, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2055" xml:space="preserve">quomodo ad circinij centrum omnium linearum reſponſus fiat in hac deſcriptio
                <lb/>
              ne. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2056" xml:space="preserve">certe Orthographiæ ſpecies ( maieſtatem quam dicunt noſtri ) neque prominentias, neque craßitudines, ne
                <lb/>
              que abſcendentias oſtendit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2057" xml:space="preserve">Sciographia egregie coronarum, capitulorum, faſtigiorum, ſpirarum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2058" xml:space="preserve">cætera
                <lb/>
              rum partium menſuras deſcribit, in qua deſcriptione quædam fit adumbratio, qua medias partes dignoſcimus
                <lb/>
              ab extimis: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2059" xml:space="preserve">reſpondent autem ad oculum, tanquàm ad centrum omnes lineæ, quæ in frontis deſcriptione non
                <lb/>
              reſpondent, non enim terminos habent certos, unde proficiſcantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2060" xml:space="preserve">quemadmodum habent in proiecturis, ab-
                <lb/>
              ſcedentijs, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2061" xml:space="preserve">craßitudinibus deſcriptio. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2062" xml:space="preserve">Cæterum ſi hoc loco uocis huius ſciographia, notio ad opticen refer
                <lb/>
              re uelis, nil moror, illud tamen addendum neceſſario arbitror, ut quartam diſpoſitionis ideam adijcias tan-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.051-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.051-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              quàm rem magis utilem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2063" xml:space="preserve">neceſſariam, quàm ſit optices: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2064" xml:space="preserve">ſed mirum uidetur quod generis diffinitio apte ad
                <lb/>
              duas diſpoſitionis ideas conueniat, ad tertiam non item. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2065" xml:space="preserve">Præſcripto enim dialectico ſtatutum eſt, ut generis
                <lb/>
              diffinitio ad ſpeties accommodetur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2066" xml:space="preserve">nonne ad ichnographiam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2067" xml:space="preserve">orthographiam egregie quadrat diſpoſitio-
                <lb/>
              nis natura, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2068" xml:space="preserve">uis? </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2069" xml:space="preserve">eſt enim diſpoſitio aptarerum collocatio, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2070" xml:space="preserve">elegans in compoſitionibus effectus operis
                <lb/>
              cum qualitate. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2071" xml:space="preserve">quomodo hæc ad opticen pertinere dices, in qua nihil elegans, hoc eſt distinctum, nihil apte
                <lb/>
              collocatur, nihil amplius quàm uiſus fallacia, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2072" xml:space="preserve">incomperta delectatio est.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2073" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2074" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Haec</emph>
              naſcuntur ex cogitatione, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2075" xml:space="preserve">inuentione. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2076" xml:space="preserve">Cogitatio eſt cura ſtudijplena, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2077" xml:space="preserve">induſtriæ ui-
                <lb/>
              gilantiæq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2078" xml:space="preserve">effectus propoſiti cum uoluptate. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2079" xml:space="preserve">Inuentio autem eſt quæſtionum obſcurarum explica-
                <lb/>
              tio, ratioq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2080" xml:space="preserve">nouæ rei uigore mobili reperta. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2081" xml:space="preserve">hæ ſunt terminationes diſpoſitionis.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2082" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2083" xml:space="preserve">Dignum eſt animaduerſione, quod in his rebus exponendis, confirmat Vitruuius ea, quæſupra dixit Ar-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.051-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.051-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              chitecto eſſe neceſſaria, nam in diſpoſitione graphidis peritia, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2084" xml:space="preserve">geometria, in ordine arithmetica, in alijs par
                <lb/>
              tibus optice, muſica, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2085" xml:space="preserve">aliæ artes comprobabuntur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2086" xml:space="preserve">cæterum Ideæ diſpoſitionis naſcuntur ex cogitatione, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2087" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              inuentione. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2088" xml:space="preserve">Id experientia Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2089" xml:space="preserve">dixiſſe credendum est. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2090" xml:space="preserve">Sinatura ſpecies illas nobis afferret, parum aut nihil ar
                <lb/>
              tis expoſceretur, ſed quoniam natura eas non affert, arte opus est, quoniam uero arte quæritur naturæ opera
                <lb/>
              imitari, ideo cogitationibus incumbendum eſt; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2091" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2092" xml:space="preserve">quia diſficile eſt arte conſequi, quod proponimus: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2093" xml:space="preserve">iccirco
                <lb/>
              ſtudium, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2094" xml:space="preserve">industria adſit oportet: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2095" xml:space="preserve">ſed postquàm studio, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2096" xml:space="preserve">industria res pulchras ediderimus, statim uolu-
                <lb/>
              ptas ſequitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2097" xml:space="preserve">est autem uoluptas perceptio rei expetitæ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2098" xml:space="preserve">ad facultatem percipientem conſentiens quædam
                <lb/>
              impreßio, uoluptas mentis est uerum agnoſcere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2099" xml:space="preserve">uoluptas ſenſuum est qualitatis impreßio ſenſibus ami-
                <lb/>
              ca, hinc recte Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2100" xml:space="preserve">cogitatio ( inquit ) est cura studij plena, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2101" xml:space="preserve">industriæ, uigilantiæq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2102" xml:space="preserve">effectus cum uolu-
                <lb/>
              ptate, curaigitur plena studij, quia circa difficilia uerſatur, quæ nec natura ipſa oſtendit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2103" xml:space="preserve">Studium autem eſt
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.051-06" xlink:href="note-514.01.051-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
              uehemens animi applicatio adid, quod quis conſequi deſiderat: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2104" xml:space="preserve">induſtria eſt laboris amor. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2105" xml:space="preserve">bene autem </s>
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