Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

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              <s xml:id="echoid-s2529" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="25" file="514.01.057" n="57" rhead="PRIMVS."/>
              ioni dediti inueniuntur, alij extra religionis obſeruantiam: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2530" xml:space="preserve">ex his alij foris, alij domi uirtutis ſuæ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2531" xml:space="preserve">admi-
                <lb/>
              niſtrationis præſtantiam exercebunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2532" xml:space="preserve">Qui foris erunt, uel maritimis rebus, uel terreſtribus copijs pro Rep.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2533" xml:space="preserve">præerunt; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2534" xml:space="preserve">illis portus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2535" xml:space="preserve">ſtationes, nauigiaq́;</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2536" xml:space="preserve">, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2537" xml:space="preserve">naualia: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2538" xml:space="preserve">his castra, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2539" xml:space="preserve">oppida conſtituentur, machinæ utriſ-
                <lb/>
              que, bellorumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2540" xml:space="preserve">tormenta, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2541" xml:space="preserve">armorum genera omnia conficientur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2542" xml:space="preserve">Qui domi manent excellentesq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2543" xml:space="preserve">ſunt, uel
                <lb/>
              ciuilibus controuerſiis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2544" xml:space="preserve">criminibus, hoc eſt iudicijs præſunt, uel conſilijs, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2545" xml:space="preserve">deliberationibus de Rep. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2546" xml:space="preserve">in-
                <lb/>
              terſunt: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2547" xml:space="preserve">iudicibus Forum, ſenatoribus Curia conſtruenda eſt, atque ita conſultum erit his, quibus non est cu-
                <lb/>
              ra, cultusq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2548" xml:space="preserve">religionis demandatus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2549" xml:space="preserve">ſed religioſis ædes ſacræ, fana, hoſpitalia, chauſtra, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2550" xml:space="preserve">huiuſmodi alia
                <lb/>
              ſunt comparanda, uſu decentia, commodisq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2551" xml:space="preserve">ſeurientia. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2552" xml:space="preserve">Publicis operibus deſeruiunt utiliter armamenta-
                <lb/>
              ria, emporia, æraria, horrea, munitiones, thermæ: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2553" xml:space="preserve">honorifice, arcus triumphales, ſepulchra, metæ, obeliſci,
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.057-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.057-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              trophæa, Pyramides: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2554" xml:space="preserve">iucunde, theatra, amphitheatra, circi, inambulationes, xiſti, palæſtræq́;</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2555" xml:space="preserve">: iuſte, carce-
                <lb/>
              res & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2556" xml:space="preserve">huiuſmodi loca quibus rei contumaces, maliq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2557" xml:space="preserve">detinentur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2558" xml:space="preserve">atque hæc ſunt quæ ædificationi publicæ in-
                <lb/>
              ſeruiunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2559" xml:space="preserve">Priuatim uero ciues, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2560" xml:space="preserve">artifices, agricolæq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2561" xml:space="preserve">ſunt conſiderandi, quibus ædificia pro cuiuſque con-
                <lb/>
              ditione, uſu & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2562" xml:space="preserve">commoditate parari debent in urbe, extra urbem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2563" xml:space="preserve">ubi opus ſit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2564" xml:space="preserve">Atque his omnibus abſol-
                <lb/>
              uetur prima illa & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2565" xml:space="preserve">maxima pars Architecturæ, quæ ædificatio nominatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2566" xml:space="preserve">De Gnomonices autem, ac
                <lb/>
              machinationis diſtinctione ſuo loco dicemus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2567" xml:space="preserve">Cæterum plura nobis animaduertenda ſunt, priuſquam ad opus
                <lb/>
              ueniamus; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2568" xml:space="preserve">de quibus mox dicam: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2569" xml:space="preserve">Primo imitari naturam eiusq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2570" xml:space="preserve">opera debemus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2571" xml:space="preserve">Quæritur autem unde ſit il-
                <lb/>
              lud, quod ars naturam imitetur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2572" xml:space="preserve">Soluitur eſſe conuenientiam quandam inter principium illud quod naturam re
                <lb/>
              git uniuerſam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2573" xml:space="preserve">illud, quod artefactis moderatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2574" xml:space="preserve">Vtrunq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2575" xml:space="preserve">enim intelligentia quædam eſt, nam rerum natura
                <lb/>
              mente dirigitur, ars quoque mentis est munus: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2576" xml:space="preserve">inter utranque mentem conuenientia quædam est. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2577" xml:space="preserve">quorum igi-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.057-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.057-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              tur principia conueniunt ſimiliaq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2578" xml:space="preserve">ſunt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2579" xml:space="preserve">illa quoque ſimilia ſunt, at que in ea ſimilitudinum comparatione ſita
                <lb/>
              eſt im tatio: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2580" xml:space="preserve">imitari uero nemo poteſt niſi conueniat cum eo quem imitatur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2581" xml:space="preserve">conueniet autem nunquàm niſi
                <lb/>
              ijſdem rationibus moueatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2582" xml:space="preserve">quare qui imitari Virgilium, Ciceronem ſtudebit, fruſtra conabitur, niſi ratio-
                <lb/>
              nes, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2583" xml:space="preserve">regulas calleat illas, quibus adductus Virgilius, aut Cicero, ita fecit: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2584" xml:space="preserve">ratio enim principium eſt, cum
                <lb/>
              qua conſentire, oportet qui ſimile quid efficere uoluerit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2585" xml:space="preserve">qui ergo imitatur nihil aliud facit, quàm ſimile; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2586" xml:space="preserve">ſi-
                <lb/>
              mile autem a diſſidentibus principijs nunquam fiet. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2587" xml:space="preserve">Qui igitur ſciuerit quaratione V irg. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2588" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2589" xml:space="preserve">Cice. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2590" xml:space="preserve">bene dixe-
                <lb/>
              rint, eos facile poterit imitari. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2591" xml:space="preserve">Sed nos ad rem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2592" xml:space="preserve">Imitatione naturæ ars nititur ob principiorum ſimilitudinem:
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2593" xml:space="preserve">Conſideremus igitur rerum naturam, ut artem quoque artificiaq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2594" xml:space="preserve">ordinare ſciamus; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2595" xml:space="preserve">Naturæ ordine prius est
                <lb/>
              res: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2596" xml:space="preserve">deinde ornamentum rei. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2597" xml:space="preserve">Ars igitur primum eße rerum conſiderabit, deinde ornamenta. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2598" xml:space="preserve">quomodo enim
                <lb/>
              ornabitur, quod non eſt? </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2599" xml:space="preserve">res naturæ conſtat materia, forma, compoſitione. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2600" xml:space="preserve">Ars materiem, formam, com-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.057-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.057-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              poſitionemque conſiderabit, hinc primi ſecundi & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2601" xml:space="preserve">aliorum librorum ordinatio: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2602" xml:space="preserve">nam in primo de forma, in ſecun
                <lb/>
              do de materia, in tertio, quarto, quinto, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2603" xml:space="preserve">ſexto de compoſitione, in ſeptimo de ornamentis agitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2604" xml:space="preserve">Natura ab
                <lb/>
              imperfectioribus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2605" xml:space="preserve">communibus ad perfectiora, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2606" xml:space="preserve">propria peruenit, idem in artium tractatione, idem in
                <lb/>
              operibus obſeruandum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2607" xml:space="preserve">Naturæprincipium potens, ſapiens, beneuolum eſt: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2608" xml:space="preserve">potentia magnas & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2609" xml:space="preserve">firmas, ſapien-
                <lb/>
              tia pulchras, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2610" xml:space="preserve">ornatas, beneuolentia commodas & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2611" xml:space="preserve">utiles res efficit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2612" xml:space="preserve">Ars quoque ſtudebit firmitati; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2613" xml:space="preserve">utili-
                <lb/>
              tati, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2614" xml:space="preserve">uenustati, contra uim motricem, intelligentemq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2615" xml:space="preserve">nunquam natura nititur, Ars idem obſeruabit, nam
                <lb/>
              nec ea, quæ inueniri non poſſunt, nec tam arduas res aggredietur, ut nulla ratione perfici poſſint, Naturæ
                <lb/>
              principium omnibus formis plenum eſſe oportet, quibus tanquam Ideis rerum utatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2616" xml:space="preserve">Architecti mens ratio-
                <lb/>
              ne ſimili ornata eſſe debet quampluribus ideis, quemadmodum uiſum eſt ſupra. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2617" xml:space="preserve">Natura loci, temporis, mo-
                <lb/>
              diq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2618" xml:space="preserve">miniſtra eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2619" xml:space="preserve">Ars locum, modum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2620" xml:space="preserve">tempus obſeruabit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2621" xml:space="preserve">Partes ſimiles, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2622" xml:space="preserve">diſſimiles, natura ad finem
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.057-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.057-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              diſponit, idem quoque ars faciet, exemplum & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2623" xml:space="preserve">exemplar demum natura dedit, quemadmodum ſuo loco ſepa-
                <lb/>
              ratim ſingulis in rebus uidebimus, quare & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2624" xml:space="preserve">naturam imitabimur in ageado, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2625" xml:space="preserve">quicquid agemus propoſita
                <lb/>
              re aliqua egregia a natura ita formabimus, ut nihil in opere deſit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2626" xml:space="preserve">Quoniam uero inter oper a naturæ humanum
                <lb/>
              corpus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2627" xml:space="preserve">temperaturæ perfectione, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2628" xml:space="preserve">partium proportione, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2629" xml:space="preserve">aſpectus pulchritudine, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2630" xml:space="preserve">operis excellen-
                <lb/>
              tia cæteris operibus antecellit, optime obſeruatum eſt ab arte, ut ad humani corporis ſimilitudinem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2631" xml:space="preserve">men-
                <lb/>
              ſuram omnia perfici debeant: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2632" xml:space="preserve">atque vt Sol omnium cæleſtium rerum ſic homo humanarum menſura est. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2633" xml:space="preserve">At-
                <lb/>
              que hæc ſatis pro tempore dicta ſint.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2634" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2635" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Haec</emph>
              autem ita fieri debent, ut habeatur ratio firmitatis, utilitatis, uenuſtatis.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2636" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2637" xml:space="preserve">Quæ in operibus placent a natura, ab ingenio & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2638" xml:space="preserve">a manibus proficiſcuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2639" xml:space="preserve">Natura Pondus, leuitatem, ra
                <lb/>
              rum, denſum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2640" xml:space="preserve">alia huiuſmodi præbet, ab ingenio electio, diſtributio, forma, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2641" xml:space="preserve">reliqua proueniunt, manibus
                <lb/>
              ſecamus, polimus, ſcalpimus, pingimus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2642" xml:space="preserve">hæc omnia complectuntur ab ædificatione, a Gnomonica, a Machina-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.057-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.057-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              tione. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2643" xml:space="preserve">Pulherimum autem est ſi bene conſiderantur ea, quæ primo, ſecundo, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2644" xml:space="preserve">tertio capite continentur, ui-
                <lb/>
              dere quam belle omnia inter ſe conſentiant, nanque a diffinitione, ortu officioq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2645" xml:space="preserve">Architecturæ dignoſcitur
                <lb/>
              neceſſitas firmitatis, uenuctatis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2646" xml:space="preserve">utilitatis, quæ ſimul haberi debent, nam perfecta non eſſet res illa quæ
                <lb/>
              paruo tempore utilis eßet, aut nihil in ſe uenustatis haberet: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2647" xml:space="preserve">hinc. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2648" xml:space="preserve">Vitru. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2649" xml:space="preserve">libro ſecundo cap. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2650" xml:space="preserve">octauo, libro
                <lb/>
              tertio cap. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2651" xml:space="preserve">ſecundo, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2652" xml:space="preserve">primo hoc libro capite ſequenti, ſexto item capite quarto, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2653" xml:space="preserve">undecimo pluribuſq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2654" xml:space="preserve">lo-
                <lb/>
              cis alijs de his tribus loquitur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2655" xml:space="preserve">cumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2656" xml:space="preserve">de uenuſtate mentionẽ facit, eam intelligit, quæ proportionibus compa-
                <lb/>
              ratur, non autem illam, quæ ornamentis conſtat, de qua libro ſeptimo: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2657" xml:space="preserve">aliud enim eſt pulchritudo aliud orna-
                <lb/>
              mentum: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2658" xml:space="preserve">interna enim res quædam est ipſa pulchritudo ac cum re nata, ſed ornamenta exterius adhibentur,
                <lb/>
              pulchritudini ſuper additum, poſterius adueniens: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2659" xml:space="preserve">venuſtas ab intelligentia Architecti: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2660" xml:space="preserve">utilitas, a probitate,
                <lb/>
              firmitudo, a poteſtate, hinc illud poße uelle, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2661" xml:space="preserve">ſcire oportet eum, qui aliquid facturus eſt.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2662" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
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