Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

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            <pb o="75" file="514.01.107" n="107" rhead="SECVNDVS"/>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7047" xml:space="preserve">Aeſculus quoque glandifera eſt’, quæ quantum corpore eminet, tantum radice deſcendere dicitur, humo-
                <lb/>
              ris impatiens.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7048" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7049" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Cerrvs</emph>
              , ſuber, fagus, quod paruam habent mixtionem humoris & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7050" xml:space="preserve">ignis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7051" xml:space="preserve">terreni, aeris pluri-
                <lb/>
              mum, peruia raritate humores penitus recipiendo celeriter marceſcunt.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7052" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7053" xml:space="preserve">Vitruuius tam belle connumerat arborum uires, ut iam tædeat me aliorum dicta recenſere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7054" xml:space="preserve">ſequitur ergo.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7055" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7056" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Popvlvs</emph>
              alba, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7057" xml:space="preserve">nigra, item ſalix, tilia, uitex, ignis & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7058" xml:space="preserve">aeris habendo ſatiatæ atque humoris tẽ-
                <lb/>
              peratæ, parum terreni habentes leuiori temperatura comparatæ, egregiam habere uidentur in uſu
                <lb/>
              rigiditatem; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7059" xml:space="preserve">ergo cum non ſint duræ terreni mixtione, propter raritatem ſunt candidæ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7060" xml:space="preserve">in ſcul-
                <lb/>
              pturis commodam præſtant tractabilitatem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7061" xml:space="preserve">Alnus autem, quæ proxima fluminum ripis procreatur,
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.107-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.107-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7062" xml:space="preserve">minime materies utilis uidetur, habet in ſe egregias rationes, etenim aere eſt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7063" xml:space="preserve">igni plurimo tem-
                <lb/>
              perata, non multum terreno, humore paulo. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7064" xml:space="preserve">Itaque quia non nimis habet in corpore humoris in
                <lb/>
              paluſtribus locis infra fundamenta ædificiorum palationibus crebre fixa recipiens in ſe, quod minus
                <lb/>
              habet in corpore liquoris, permanet immortalis ad æternitatem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7065" xml:space="preserve">ſuſtinet immania pondera ſtru-
                <lb/>
              cturæ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7066" xml:space="preserve">ſine uitijs conſeruat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7067" xml:space="preserve">Ita quæ non poteſt extra terram paulum tempus durare, ea in humore
                <lb/>
              obruta permanet ad diuturnitatem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7068" xml:space="preserve">Eſt autem maxime id conſiderare Rauennæ, quod ibi omnia ope-
                <lb/>
              ra, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7069" xml:space="preserve">publica, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7070" xml:space="preserve">priuata, ſub fundamentis eius generis habent palos. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7071" xml:space="preserve">ulmus uero, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7072" xml:space="preserve">fraxinus maximos
                <lb/>
              habent humores minimumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7073" xml:space="preserve">aeris, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7074" xml:space="preserve">ignis, terreni temperata mixtione comparatæ; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7075" xml:space="preserve">ſunt in operibus
                <lb/>
              cum fabricantur lentæ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7076" xml:space="preserve">ſub pondere propter humoris abundantiam, non habent rigorem, ſed cele-
                <lb/>
              riter pandant, ſimul autem uetuſtate ſunt aridæ factæ, aut in agro perſectæ, qui ineſt in eis liquor
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.107-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.107-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              ſtantibus, emoritur, fiuntq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7077" xml:space="preserve">duriores, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7078" xml:space="preserve">in commiſſuris, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7079" xml:space="preserve">in coagmentationibus ab lentitudine fir-
                <lb/>
              mas recipiunt catenationes</s>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7080" xml:space="preserve">Populus ideo dicta, quia radice abſciſſa multitudo uirgultorum tanquam renaſcentis populi emittitur, cre-
                <lb/>
              ſcit maxime in inſulis Danubij. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7081" xml:space="preserve">Populi tria genera, alba, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7082" xml:space="preserve">nigra, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7083" xml:space="preserve">quæ Libica appellatur, minima folia,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7084" xml:space="preserve">nigerrima, fungisq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7085" xml:space="preserve">enaſcentibus laudatiſſima. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7086" xml:space="preserve">Mirũ in primis (inquit Plin.) </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7087" xml:space="preserve">id quod vlmo tiliæq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7088" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7089" xml:space="preserve">oleæ,
                <lb/>
              populo albæ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7090" xml:space="preserve">ſalici euenit, circum aguntur enim folia earum poſt ſolſtitium. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7091" xml:space="preserve">Nec alio argumento certius
                <lb/>
              intelligitur ſydus confectum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7092" xml:space="preserve">Salicis plura ſunt genera, aliæ virgas ſequacis ad uincturas lentitiæ, aliæ
                <lb/>
              prætenues uiminibus texendis ſpectabili ſubtilitate. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7093" xml:space="preserve">Rurſus aliæ firmiores corbibus, ac plurimæ agricola-
                <lb/>
              rum ſupellectili: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7094" xml:space="preserve">candidiores ablato cortice, Leuiq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7095" xml:space="preserve">tractatu mollioribus uaſis, quàm ut e corio fiant, atque etiã
                <lb/>
              ſupinarum in delitias cathedrarum aptiſſima. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7096" xml:space="preserve">Tertium locum ei in æstimatione ruris Cato attribuit, prio-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.107-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.107-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              remq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7097" xml:space="preserve">quàm oliuetis, quàmq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7098" xml:space="preserve">frumento, aut pratis: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7099" xml:space="preserve">nec quia deſint alia uincula, ſiquidem genistæ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7100" xml:space="preserve">po-
                <lb/>
              puli, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7101" xml:space="preserve">ulmi, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7102" xml:space="preserve">ſanguinei frutices. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7103" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7104" xml:space="preserve">betulæ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7105" xml:space="preserve">arundo fiſſa, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7106" xml:space="preserve">arundinum folia, ut in Liguria, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7107" xml:space="preserve">uitis
                <lb/>
              ipſa, reciſisq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7108" xml:space="preserve">aculeis rubi alligant, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7109" xml:space="preserve">intorta corylus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7110" xml:space="preserve">Mirumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7111" xml:space="preserve">contuſum lignum alicui maiores ad uincula
                <lb/>
              eſſe uires. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7112" xml:space="preserve">ſalici tamen præcipua dos. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7113" xml:space="preserve">Finditur enim Græca rubens, candidiorq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7114" xml:space="preserve">Amerina, ſed paulo fragilior;
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7115" xml:space="preserve">ideoq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7116" xml:space="preserve">ſolido ligat nexu. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7117" xml:space="preserve">Tilia marem habet, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7118" xml:space="preserve">fœminam. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7119" xml:space="preserve">differunt in hac re omni modo, namq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7120" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7121" xml:space="preserve">materies
                <lb/>
              maris dura, ruffiorq́;</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7122" xml:space="preserve">, ac nodoſa, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7123" xml:space="preserve">odoratior. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7124" xml:space="preserve">Cortex quoque craſfior, ac detractus inflexibilis, inter cor-
                <lb/>
              ticem & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7125" xml:space="preserve">lignum tenues tunicas multiplici membrana, e quibus uincùla tiliæ uocantur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7126" xml:space="preserve">tenuiſſimum corium
                <lb/>
              philliræ coronarum lemniſcis celebres antiquorumq́, honore. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7127" xml:space="preserve">materies teredinem non ſentit proceritate per
                <lb/>
              quam modica, uerum utilis. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7128" xml:space="preserve">Vitex arbor eſt, æstate & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7129" xml:space="preserve">ſicco tempore folia, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7130" xml:space="preserve">flores emittit, Agnum caſtum
                <lb/>
              uocant, quoniam folia, ſuccus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7131" xml:space="preserve">flores caſtitatem inducunt, exſiccant enim & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7132" xml:space="preserve">difflatus ſoluunt, naſcitur ta-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.107-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.107-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              men humidis locis. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7133" xml:space="preserve">Alnus miræ virtutis arbor, nota ſexto, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7134" xml:space="preserve">ſeptimo climate, dum uiret, non adeo ſciſſilis ut
                <lb/>
              abies, exſiccata magis ſcinditur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7135" xml:space="preserve">expertum eſt eius folia recentia per cubiculos ſparſa pulices interficere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7136" xml:space="preserve">pin-
                <lb/>
              guis enim, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7137" xml:space="preserve">tenax humor pullulantibus ineſt folijs, cui pulices cum adhærent, tanquam uiſco capiuntur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7138" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              intereunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7139" xml:space="preserve">Vnde in aqua conſeruatum eius lignum ad annos ducentos creditum eſt binc ad palationes humi-
                <lb/>
              dis in locis aptiſſima eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7140" xml:space="preserve">ſuper quibus tnrrium, ædificiorumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7141" xml:space="preserve">fundamenta iaciunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7142" xml:space="preserve">Vnde Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7143" xml:space="preserve">optime de ea
                <lb/>
              loquitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7144" xml:space="preserve">Vlmorum genera quatuor, ſed Græci duo tantum nouere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7145" xml:space="preserve">montoſam, quæ ſit amplior, campeſtrem,
                <lb/>
              quæ fruticoſa. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7146" xml:space="preserve">Italia Atinias uocat excelſiſſimis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7147" xml:space="preserve">ex his Siccanas illis præfert. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7148" xml:space="preserve">quæ non ſint riguæ. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7149" xml:space="preserve">Al-
                <lb/>
              terum genus Gallicas, tertium nostrates, denſiore folio, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7150" xml:space="preserve">ab eodem pediculo numeroſiore. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7151" xml:space="preserve">At quartum
                <lb/>
              ſylueſtre, inter quas Atiniæ non ferunt, bamariamitata uero uocatur vlmi ſemen, omnesq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7152" xml:space="preserve">e radicum plantis
                <lb/>
              proueniunt, reliquæ ſemine: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7153" xml:space="preserve">lenta, ideſt flexibilis est vlmus in opere, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7154" xml:space="preserve">facile pandat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7155" xml:space="preserve">Eſt autem pandari tra-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.107-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.107-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              bem, quod incuruari, cedereq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7156" xml:space="preserve">ponderi. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7157" xml:space="preserve">cuius contrarium palmæ, faciunt, quippe quæ non contra inferiora,
                <lb/>
              ſed in diuerſum remittendo fornicantur, ut Aßiriorum genus illud, quos Xenopbon Canthelios in hac ipſa
                <lb/>
              mentione uocari tradit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7158" xml:space="preserve">Rigorem fortißime ſeruat vlmus, ob id cardinibus, aſſamentisq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7159" xml:space="preserve">portarum utilißima,
                <lb/>
              quoniam minimè torquetur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7160" xml:space="preserve">permutanda tantum ſic, ut cacumen ab inferiore ſit cardine, radix ſuperior. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7161" xml:space="preserve">fra-
                <lb/>
              xinus arida lignum habet ualde ſolidum, unde ſudes ex eo arma penetrant, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7162" xml:space="preserve">cætera ligna tanquam ſerrũ,
                <lb/>
              ex ipſo propterea & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7163" xml:space="preserve">lanceæ fiunt, ſed cum materiæ cauſa, ut inquit Plin. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7164" xml:space="preserve">reliquas arbores natura genuerit,
                <lb/>
              copioſißimam tamen fraxinum facit: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7165" xml:space="preserve">procera hæc, ac teres pennata, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7166" xml:space="preserve">ipſa folia, multumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7167" xml:space="preserve">Homeri præco-
                <lb/>
              nio, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7168" xml:space="preserve">Achillis haſta nobilitata, materies eſt ad plurima utilis.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7169" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7170" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Item</emph>
              carpinus, quod eſt minima ignis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7171" xml:space="preserve">terreni mixtione, aeris autem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7172" xml:space="preserve">humoris ſumma con-
                <lb/>
              tinetur temperatura, non eſt fragilis, ſed habet utiliſsimam tractabilitatem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7173" xml:space="preserve">Itaque Græci quod ex ea
                <lb/>
              materia iuga iumentis comparant, quod apud eos iuga zyga uocitantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7174" xml:space="preserve">item & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7175" xml:space="preserve">eam zygiam appellãt.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7176" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
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