Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

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              <s xml:id="echoid-s9377" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="105" file="514.01.137" n="137" rhead="TERTIVS."/>
              fecit, de aſpectuq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9378" xml:space="preserve">nihil imminuit, ſed ſine deſiderio ſuperuacuorum conſeruauit authoritatem totiu
                <emph style="super">s</emph>
                <lb/>
              operis diſtributione. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9379" xml:space="preserve">Pteromatos enim ratio, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9380" xml:space="preserve">columnarum circum ædem diſpoſitio ideo eſt inuen-
                <lb/>
              ta , ut aſpectus propter aſperitatem intercolumniorum haberet authoritatem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9381" xml:space="preserve">præterea ſi & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9382" xml:space="preserve">imbrium
                <lb/>
              aquæ uis occupauerit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9383" xml:space="preserve">intercluſerit hominum multitudinem, ut habeat in æde , circaq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9384" xml:space="preserve">cellam cum
                <lb/>
              laxamento liberam moram. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9385" xml:space="preserve">Hæc autem ita explicantur in pſeudodipteris ædium diſpoſitionibus, qua-
                <lb/>
              re uidetur acuta, magnaq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9386" xml:space="preserve">ſolertia effectus operum Hermogenes feciſſe, reliquiſleq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9387" xml:space="preserve">fontes unde poſte
                <lb/>
              ri poſſent haurire diſciplinarum rationes.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9388" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9389" xml:space="preserve">Commendatur Hermogenes in exemplum ueri Architecti. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9390" xml:space="preserve">is pſeudodipteron ædemreperit, ideſt ementien-
                <lb/>
              tem dipteron. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9391" xml:space="preserve">Mentiebatur enim dipteron illa ædes, quoniam exterior aſpectus idem erat cum diptero, nam
                <lb/>
              pro frontibus octonæ, in lateribus quindenæ utrinque columnæ aſpiciebantur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9392" xml:space="preserve">ſed interiores alæ nullas habe-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.137-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.137-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              bant columnas: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9393" xml:space="preserve">ſubſtulit igitur triginta quatuor columnas ex dipetro, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9394" xml:space="preserve">nihil imminuit dignitatis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9395" xml:space="preserve">laxa-
                <lb/>
              mentum liberum ad ambulandum reliquit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9396" xml:space="preserve">eaq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9397" xml:space="preserve">ratione ſumptus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9398" xml:space="preserve">laboris compendia fecit, ac demum fon-
                <lb/>
              tes reliquit, unde posteri poßent haurire diſciplinarum rationes. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9399" xml:space="preserve">Exemplar erat in Teo inſula in oppido, cuius
                <lb/>
              octastylon ab Hermogene ea ratione conſtructum erat.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9400" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9401" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Aedibvs</emph>
              aræoſtylis columnæ ſic ſunt faciendæ, uti craſsitudines earum ſint partis octauæ ad
                <lb/>
              altitudines. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9402" xml:space="preserve">Item in diaſtylo dimetienda eſt altitudo columnæ in partes octo, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9403" xml:space="preserve">dimidiam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9404" xml:space="preserve">unius
                <lb/>
              partis columnæ craſsitudo collocetur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9405" xml:space="preserve">in ſyſtylo altitudo diuidatur in nouem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9406" xml:space="preserve">dimidiam partem,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9407" xml:space="preserve">ex eis una ad craſsitudinem columnæ detur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9408" xml:space="preserve">Item in pycnoſtylo diuidenda eſt altitudo in partes
                <lb/>
              decem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9409" xml:space="preserve">eius una pars facienda eſt columnæ craſsitudo . </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9410" xml:space="preserve">Euſtyli autem ædis columnæ ut diaſtyli in
                <lb/>
              octo partes altitudo diuidatur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9411" xml:space="preserve">dimidiam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9412" xml:space="preserve">eius una pars conſtituatur in craſsitudine imi ſcapi,
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.137-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.137-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              ita habebitur pro rata parte intercolumniorum ratio.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9413" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9414" xml:space="preserve">Poſtquam elegantis formæ rationem reddidit Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9415" xml:space="preserve">nunc docet quomodo alios figurarum aſpectus alijs for-
                <lb/>
              mis ordinemus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9416" xml:space="preserve">De quibus cum intercolumnia ſatis nota ſint, nihil aliud dicendum, niſi quod ad altitudinem
                <lb/>
              columnarum pertinet. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9417" xml:space="preserve">Vna uero eademq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9418" xml:space="preserve">communi regula omnes has formas, ſcilicet areoſtyli, ſyſtyli, dia-
                <lb/>
              ſtyli, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9419" xml:space="preserve">pycnoſtyli quantum ſpectat ad altitudines columnarum dirigit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9420" xml:space="preserve">nam quo maiora ſunt intercolumnia,
                <lb/>
              eo craſſiores columnæ ſunt faciendæ. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9421" xml:space="preserve">quoniam ſi graciles columnæ ubi ſunt interualla maiora adhiberentur,
                <lb/>
              multum de aſpectu detraheremus, aer enim circumfuſus ubi aditus ſunt patentiores, multum demit de craſ-
                <lb/>
              ſitudine columnarum, ideo factum eſt ratione iuſta, ut interualla columnarum earum craſſitudinem diſtribuãt.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9422" xml:space="preserve">Ordo eſt a pycnoſtylo, ad ſistylum; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9423" xml:space="preserve">a ſyſtylio, ad diastylum; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9424" xml:space="preserve">a diastylo ad ar æostylum accedendo, ut craſſio-
                <lb/>
              res columnæ ſemper fiant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9425" xml:space="preserve">ideo pycnostylos decem craßitudinum columnas altas habet; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9426" xml:space="preserve">minora enim ſunt in-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.137-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.137-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              terualla, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9427" xml:space="preserve">aer minus conſumit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9428" xml:space="preserve">Syſtylos nouem cum dimidia craſſitudine conficitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9429" xml:space="preserve">diaſtylos habet columnas
                <lb/>
              altas quemadmodum eustylos, ſcilicet octo partium cum dimidia. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9430" xml:space="preserve">Aræostylos altas habet columnas octo tan
                <lb/>
              tum partium, quarum una est craſſitudo imæ columnæ, quam Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9431" xml:space="preserve">imum ſcapum appellat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9432" xml:space="preserve">Harum rerum ra-
                <lb/>
              tionem Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9433" xml:space="preserve">affert hoc modo.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9434" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9435" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Qvemadmodvm</emph>
              enim creſcunt ſpatia inter columnas, ita proportionibus adaugendæ ſunt craſ-
                <lb/>
              ſitudines ſcaporum . </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9436" xml:space="preserve">Namq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9437" xml:space="preserve">ſi in aræoſtylo nona, aut decima pars craſsitudinis fuerit, tenuis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9438" xml:space="preserve">exi-
                <lb/>
              lis apparebit, ideo quod per latitudinem intercolumniorum aer conſumit , & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9439" xml:space="preserve">imminuit aſpectus ſca-
                <lb/>
              porum craſsitudinem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9440" xml:space="preserve">Contra uero pycnoſtylis, ſi octaua pars craſsitudinis fuerit, propter crebrita-
                <lb/>
              tem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9441" xml:space="preserve">anguſtias intercolumniorum, tumidam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9442" xml:space="preserve">inuenuſtam efficient ſpeciem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9443" xml:space="preserve">Itaque generis ope-
                <lb/>
              ris oport
                <unsure/>
              et perſequi ſymmetrias.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9444" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9445" xml:space="preserve">Facilia ſunt hæc in Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9446" xml:space="preserve">prædictæ autem rationis occaſione aliam quoque regulam affert, quam in angula-
                <lb/>
              ribus columnis ſeruare debemus, quæ & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9447" xml:space="preserve">ad uenustatem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9448" xml:space="preserve">ad firmitatem facit.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9449" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9450" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Etiam</emph>
              q́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9451" xml:space="preserve">angulares columnæ craſsiores faciẽdæ ſunt ex ſua diametro quinquageſima parte, quod
                <lb/>
              eæ ab aere circumciduntur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9452" xml:space="preserve">graciliores eſſe uidentur aſpicientibus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9453" xml:space="preserve">Ergo quod oculos fallit, ra-
                <lb/>
              tiocinatione eſt exequendum.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9454" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9455" xml:space="preserve">Eurithmiam tangit hoc loco Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9456" xml:space="preserve">de qua primo libro. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9457" xml:space="preserve">Conſulendum enim eſt aſpectui, conſiderand umq́;
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9458" xml:space="preserve">non ſemper adeo proportionibus innitendum eſſe Architecto, ſed conuertendos eſſe oculos adid, quod concin-
                <lb/>
              num, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9459" xml:space="preserve">venuſtum apparet. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9460" xml:space="preserve">Ecce quomodo ab uniuerſalibus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9461" xml:space="preserve">confuſis, ad distincta, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9462" xml:space="preserve">particularia perue-
                <lb/>
              nit, a figurarum aſpectu, ad interualla, ab interuallis, ad altitudinem , ab altitudine ad diſtinctiorem partium
                <lb/>
              notitiam procedens, vnde etiamres duas magis partiales inferius hoc loco attingit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9463" xml:space="preserve">Loquens de diminutio-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.137-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.137-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              nibus, quas contracturas uocat, quæ fiunt in ſummitate columnarum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9464" xml:space="preserve">de adiectione, quæ fit in medio.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9465" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9466" xml:space="preserve">Contracturæ autem in ſummis columnarum hypotrachelijs ita faciendæ uidentur, uti ſi columna
                <lb/>
              ſit ab minimo ad pedes quinos denos, ima craſsitudo diuidatur in partes ſex , & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9467" xml:space="preserve">earum partium quinq;
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9468" xml:space="preserve">ſumma conſtituatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9469" xml:space="preserve">Item quæ erit ab quindecim pedibus ad pedes uiginti ſcapus imus in partes ſex,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9470" xml:space="preserve">ſemiſſem diuidatur, ex earumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9471" xml:space="preserve">partium quinque, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9472" xml:space="preserve">ſemiſſe ſuperior craſsitudo columnæ fiat; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9473" xml:space="preserve">ita
                <lb/>
              quæ erunt a pedibus uiginti, ad pedes triginta, ſcapus imus diuidatur in partes ſeptem, earumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9474" xml:space="preserve">ſex
                <lb/>
              ſumma contractura perficiatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9475" xml:space="preserve">quæ autem a triginta pedibus ad quadraginta alta erit , ima craſsitu-
                <lb/>
              do diuidatur in partes ſeptem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9476" xml:space="preserve">dimidiam, ex his ſex, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9477" xml:space="preserve">dimidiam in ſummo habeat contracturæ ra-
                <lb/>
              tione . </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9478" xml:space="preserve">Quæ erunt a quadraginta pedibus ad quinquaginta, item diuidendæ ſunt in octo partes, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9479" xml:space="preserve">ea-
                <lb/>
              rum ſeptem in ſummo ſeapi hypotrachelio contrahantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9480" xml:space="preserve">Itemq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9481" xml:space="preserve">ſi quæ altiores erunt, eadem ratio-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.137-06" xlink:href="note-514.01.137-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
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