Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

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          <div xml:id="echoid-div329" type="section" level="2" n="64">
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10344" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="119" file="514.01.151" n="151" rhead="TERTIVS."/>
              ut non intelligatur ſima. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10345" xml:space="preserve">Simæ a Græcis epitithidæ dicuntur, in ſummis faſtigiorum coronis imponuntur, a ſimi
                <lb/>
              litudine ſic dicuntur, caprarum enim naſos imitantur, obtuſiores enim, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10346" xml:space="preserve">bebetiores formas habent. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10347" xml:space="preserve">gulas
                <lb/>
              rectas Itali uocant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10348" xml:space="preserve">de his infra.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10349" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10350" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Tympani</emph>
              autem, quod eſt in faſtigio, altitudo ſic eſt facienda, ut frons coronæ ab extremis cy-
                <lb/>
              matijs tota dimetiatur in partes nouem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10351" xml:space="preserve">ex eius una pars in medio cacumine tympani conſtituatur,
                <lb/>
              dum contra epiſtylia columnarumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10352" xml:space="preserve">hypotrachelia ad perpendiculum reſpondeat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10353" xml:space="preserve">Coronæ, quæ ſu-
                <lb/>
              pra tympanum fiunt æqualiter imis præter ſimas ſunt collocandæ. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10354" xml:space="preserve">Inſuper coronas ſimæ, quas Græci
                <lb/>
              epitithidas dicunt, faciendæ ſunt altiores octaua parte coronarum altitudinis.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10355" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10356" xml:space="preserve">Tympanum ſignificata habet diuerſa, pro ut ſuis quæque locis declarabimus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10357" xml:space="preserve">hoc autem loco tympanum
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10358" xml:space="preserve">triangulare planum faſtigij coronicibus circumcluſum, habet ſummitatem in angulo in medio. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10359" xml:space="preserve">ibi tam al-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.151-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.151-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              tum eſt, quam una exnouem partibus, ex quibus conſtat illud ſpatium, quod eſt ab uno ad aliud extremum
                <lb/>
              cymatij, quod est in corona. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10360" xml:space="preserve">Ita enim Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10361" xml:space="preserve">ſtatuit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10362" xml:space="preserve">ſed preſſior aliquanto bæc forma deprehenſa eſt, quare al-
                <lb/>
              tiorem faciendam non dubito uſque ad octauam partem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10363" xml:space="preserve">Planum tympani ut in ſolido quieſcat, contra epiſty-
                <lb/>
              lia, columnarumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10364" xml:space="preserve">hypotrachelia ad perpendiculum reſpondere debet, ita ut ſi demittatur plumbum a plano,
                <lb/>
              tangat trabem, deinde bypotrachelium columnæ. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10365" xml:space="preserve">ſupra tympanum coronæ ſunt, quæ tym
                <unsure/>
              panum circumcludu
                <unsure/>
              t.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10366" xml:space="preserve">Earum ſymmetria a coronis imis ſumenda, æqualiter enim imis collocandæ ſunt, ſupra quas ſima est altior par-
                <lb/>
              te octaua altitudinis coronæ. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10367" xml:space="preserve">Sunt qui & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10368" xml:space="preserve">denticulum in faſtigio ponunt, in qua re obſeruandum est illud, ut
                <lb/>
              ad perpendiculum reſpondeat: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10369" xml:space="preserve">deorſum enim ſpectare debet, non autem cuneorum modo ad centrum me-
                <lb/>
              dium reſpondere.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10370" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10371" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Acroteria</emph>
              angularia tarm alta, quantum eſt tympanum medium, mediana altiora octaua par-
                <lb/>
              te quàm angularia.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10372" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10373" xml:space="preserve">Acroteria pilæ ſunt ſupra tectum, duæ a lateribus, una media, ſupra quas figuræ, imagunculæ, currus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10374" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              alia huiuſmodi ad ornatum ponebantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10375" xml:space="preserve">habebant hæ pilæ quadras, lyſis, truncos, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10376" xml:space="preserve">alia quæ ſtylobatæ. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10377" xml:space="preserve">Si-
                <lb/>
              tus in quo ponuntur, efficit, ut acroteria dicerentur, quaſi ſummæ pilæ: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10378" xml:space="preserve">ſicut ſtylobatæ a ſitu dictæ ſunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10379" xml:space="preserve">An-
                <lb/>
              gularia acroteria tam alta eſſe debent, quàm tympanum medium: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10380" xml:space="preserve">deſinant ac moriantur ( ut ita dicam) in
                <lb/>
              tecto, reſpondeant directe eis lineis, quæ ab columnis ſurſum ducuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10381" xml:space="preserve">Medianum Acroterium octaua par-
                <lb/>
              te altius, quàm angularia ſit.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10382" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10383" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Membra</emph>
              omnia, quæ ſupra capitula columnarum ſunt futura, ideſt epiſtylia, zophori, coronæ,
                <lb/>
              tympana, faſtigia, acroteria inclinanda ſunt in frontis ſuæ cuiuſque altitudinis parte duodecima, ideo
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.151-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.151-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              quod cum ſteterimus contra frontes, ab oculo lineæ duę ſi extenſę fuerint, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10384" xml:space="preserve">una tetigeritimam ope-
                <lb/>
              ris partem, altera ſummam, quæ ſummam tetigerit, longior fiet. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10385" xml:space="preserve">Ita quo longior uiſus lineæ in ſupe-
                <lb/>
              riorem partem procedit, reſupinatam facit eius ſpeciem, cum autem ( uti ſupra ſcriptum eſt ) incli-
                <lb/>
              nata fuerint, tunc in aſpectu uidebuntur eſſe ad perpendiculum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10386" xml:space="preserve">normam.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10387" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10388" xml:space="preserve">Obſeruandum est non tantum proportioni, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10389" xml:space="preserve">ſymmetriæ, quantum aſpectui, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10390" xml:space="preserve">uenuſtati ſatisfaciendum
                <lb/>
              eſſe: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10391" xml:space="preserve">quare in omnibus illud præceptum eſt a Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10392" xml:space="preserve">ut oculus ſuas habeat partes. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10393" xml:space="preserve">ex ratione igitur optices pul-
                <lb/>
              cherrimum præceptum nobis proponit, uult enim ſingula membra propendere in parte eorum ſumm.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10394" xml:space="preserve">i, duode-
                <lb/>
              cimam partem ſuæ cuiuſque altitudinis. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10395" xml:space="preserve">hac de cauſa trabis planum ſuperius reſpondere imo ſcapo, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10396" xml:space="preserve">infe-
                <lb/>
              rius ſummo præcepit paulo ante. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10397" xml:space="preserve">ratio ab optice deducta. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10398" xml:space="preserve">V olunt Mathematici radios ab oculis recta duci,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10399" xml:space="preserve">inter eos certum eſſe interuallum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10400" xml:space="preserve">figuram ſub ipſis in coni modum eſſe, cuius acies in oculo, baſis autem
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.151-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.151-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              circa rem uiſam. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10401" xml:space="preserve">his poſitis, eueniet angulos interdum maiores, interdum fore minores. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10402" xml:space="preserve">Eadem igitur res
                <lb/>
              oculo proxima efficiet angulum maiorem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10403" xml:space="preserve">diſtans minorem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10404" xml:space="preserve">ſimilis ratio altitudinis radiorum, item & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10405" xml:space="preserve">ſitus,
                <lb/>
                <figure xlink:label="fig-514.01.151-01" xlink:href="fig-514.01.151-01a" number="36">
                  <variables xml:id="echoid-variables22" xml:space="preserve">e b d f c a</variables>
                </figure>
              ut dextrum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10406" xml:space="preserve">ſinistrum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10407" xml:space="preserve">æqualitatis, quo fit, ut quæ ſub ma
                <lb/>
              iori angulo maiora uidentur, quæ ſub minori minora appareant.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10408" xml:space="preserve">ratio eadem de alijs. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10409" xml:space="preserve">Quare cum Vitru. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10410" xml:space="preserve">conſideraſſet, quod ſi
                <lb/>
              membra plana, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10411" xml:space="preserve">recta eßent, ſuperior eorum pars remotior,
                <lb/>
              inferior uero proxima uideretur, quoniam illa ſub longiori,
                <lb/>
              hæc ſub breuiori linea appareret, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10412" xml:space="preserve">inde ſpecies ſupino, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10413" xml:space="preserve">quaſi
                <lb/>
              retro cedere uideretur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10414" xml:space="preserve">Ideo membra omnia, quæ ſupra colum-
                <lb/>
              nas collocantur propendere duodecimam partem ſuæ altitudi-
                <lb/>
              nis, ex parte ſuperiori, præcepit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10415" xml:space="preserve">nam radius uicinior, angulus
                <lb/>
              maior, membrum rectius uidebitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10416" xml:space="preserve">quod ſubſcripta deſcriptio
                <lb/>
              oſtendit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10417" xml:space="preserve">Vbi oculus a, linea a c. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10418" xml:space="preserve">radius est ab oculo ad
                <lb/>
              partem inferiorem alicuius membri, ſit illud e f. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10419" xml:space="preserve">c b. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10420" xml:space="preserve">linea
                <lb/>
              uero, a@b. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10421" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10422" xml:space="preserve">radius ab oculo ad partem ſuperiorem, qui
                <unsure/>
              lon-
                <lb/>
              gior eſt radio a c. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10423" xml:space="preserve">quare planum b c, uidebitur retro cedere,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10424" xml:space="preserve">reſupinatam ſpeciem præſeferet. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10425" xml:space="preserve">quod ſi propendeat a puncto
                <lb/>
              b. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10426" xml:space="preserve">ad d. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10427" xml:space="preserve">linea d a. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10428" xml:space="preserve">minor erit, quàm linea b a. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10429" xml:space="preserve">minus igi-
                <lb/>
              tur ſupina apparebit ſpecies membriiam dicti, hoc autem maxi-
                <lb/>
              me animaduertendum, ubi altæ ſunt ædes, membraq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10430" xml:space="preserve">augentur, ut ſymmetriæ ſeruentur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10431" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10432" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Colvmnarvm</emph>
              ſtriges faciendæ ſunt 24. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10433" xml:space="preserve">ita excauatæ uti norma in cauo ſtrigis cum fuerit con-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.151-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.151-05a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
              </s>
            </p>
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