Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

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          <div xml:id="echoid-div111" type="section" level="2" n="43">
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2845" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="28" file="514.01.060" n="60" rhead="LIBER"/>
              uianum exemplum confirmatur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2846" xml:space="preserve">Petrus enim Landus Cretæ Antiſtes uir optimus ſe hoc obſeruaſſe, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2847" xml:space="preserve">inue-
                <lb/>
              niſſe dixit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2848" xml:space="preserve">Cicero autem in primo de diuinatione ſic inquit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2849" xml:space="preserve">ut hoſtiarum immolatarum inſpicerentur exta,
                <lb/>
              quorum ex habitu, atq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2850" xml:space="preserve">ex colore, cum ſalubritatis tum peſtilentiæ ſigna percipi poſſunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2851" xml:space="preserve">nonnunquam etiam,
                <lb/>
              quę ſit ſterilitas agrorum, uel fertilitas futura.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2852" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2853" xml:space="preserve">Ex eo licet ſcire cibo atque aqua proprietates locorum naturaliter peſtilentes, aut ſalubres eſſe.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2854" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2855" xml:space="preserve">Concludit quod propoſuerat, poſitisq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2856" xml:space="preserve">inditijs ſalubritatis, quærit an paludes poſſint aliquo modo eſſe ſa-
                <lb/>
              lubres, inquiens.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2857" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2858" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Item</emph>
              ſi in paludibus mœnia conſtituta erunt, quæ paludes ſecundum mare fuerint, ſpectabuntq́;
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2859" xml:space="preserve">ad ſeptentrionem, aut inter ſeptentrionem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2860" xml:space="preserve">orientem, eæq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2861" xml:space="preserve">paludes excelſiores fuerint quàm littus
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.060-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.060-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              marinum, ratione uidebuntur eſſe conſtituta. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2862" xml:space="preserve">Foſsis enim ductis ſit aquæ exitus ad littus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2863" xml:space="preserve">ex mari
                <lb/>
              tempeſtatibus aucto in paludes redundantia motionibus concitatur, marisq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2864" xml:space="preserve">mixtionibus non pati-
                <lb/>
              tur beſtiarum paluſtrium genera ibi naſci, quæq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2865" xml:space="preserve">de ſuperioribus locis natando proxime littus per-
                <lb/>
              ueniunt inconſueta ſalſitudine necantur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2866" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2867" xml:space="preserve">Paludes excelſiores quàm littus ſalubres eße poſſunt, ducuntur enim foſſæ, per quas exit aqua ad littus re-
                <lb/>
              fluenti mari, mox ad cas fluxu redit, cuius ſalſedo, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2868" xml:space="preserve">amaritudo paluſtres beſtias aut naſci non ſinit, aut na-
                <lb/>
              tas enecat; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2869" xml:space="preserve">ſed in huiuſmodi re quatuor ſunt, quæ efficiunt ſalubritatem, cœli regio, ſitus, paludis motus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2870" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2871" xml:space="preserve">orientem: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2872" xml:space="preserve">ratio, quia minus ſentiunt Solis ardorem, minusq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2873" xml:space="preserve">uaporum educitur, non attrahente Sole: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2874" xml:space="preserve">præ-
                <lb/>
              terea excelſiores eſſe debent quàm litius marinum, nam ſi depreſſiores eſſent, aqua in eis inſidens immobilis
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.060-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.060-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              redderetur, inficereturq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2875" xml:space="preserve">ſtagnante lacu; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2876" xml:space="preserve">Fluxus maris etiam in eas peruenire per foſſas neceſſe est, ut uicibus
                <lb/>
              renouato humore, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2877" xml:space="preserve">recentior, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2878" xml:space="preserve">ſalubrior efficiatur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2879" xml:space="preserve">ſalſedo demum immiſſa enecat animalia, herbasq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2880" xml:space="preserve">no-
                <lb/>
              xias,, quæ aerem inficiunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2881" xml:space="preserve">ne uero a bſit exemplar earumquæ dicta ſunt, licet ratio ſat
                <unsure/>
              is efficax allata ſit,
                <lb/>
              exemplar ponit Vitr.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2882" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2883" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Exemplar</emph>
              autem huius rei Gallicæ paludes poſſunt eſſe, quæ circum Altinum, Rauennam, Aqui
                <lb/>
              legiam, aliaq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2884" xml:space="preserve">quæ in eiuſmodi locis muncipia ſunt, proxima paludibus, quod his rationibus hab ent
                <lb/>
              incredibilem ſalubritatem { his rationibus ſcilicet ratione ſitus, ratione motus, ratione ſalſedinis, excelſæ
                <lb/>
              paludes fluxus, refluxusq́ue undarum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2885" xml:space="preserve">amaritudo habitabiles, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2886" xml:space="preserve">ſalubres reddit Gallicas
                <lb/>
              paludes.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2887" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2888" xml:space="preserve">Vtinam naturæ uices non immutaſſent ea, quæ Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2889" xml:space="preserve">refert, de Aquilegia, Altino, Rauẽna, cæterisq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2890" xml:space="preserve">uici-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.060-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.060-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              nis paludibus, florentißimas, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2891" xml:space="preserve">ſaluberrimas urbesillas non deſider aremus, quibus, cœli intemperies, aeris
                <lb/>
              pestilentia, aquarum inſalubritas plus damni attulit, quàm barbarorum ſæuities; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2892" xml:space="preserve">euertunt ſanè urbes, di-
                <lb/>
              ruunt, diripiuntq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2893" xml:space="preserve">hoſtiles manus, ferro & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2894" xml:space="preserve">igni perimuntur homines, reſtat tamen regio, areaq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2895" xml:space="preserve">ubi reædifica-
                <lb/>
              ri poſſit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2896" xml:space="preserve">tempore innouantur homines poſt cædes maximas, nec ſemper bellis ſunt obnoxij: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2897" xml:space="preserve">At ſæuiente
                <lb/>
              natura, infecto cœlo, corruptis aquis uis rediuiua periens, nulla redeundi ſpe cogit deſerere urbes, quæ alio-
                <lb/>
              quin ſecuræ, ac locorum commoditate munitæ eſſent. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2898" xml:space="preserve">Aquilegia noſtris temporibus hieme uix eſt habitabilis.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2899" xml:space="preserve">Paludes igitur ſalubres eo modo eſſe poſſunt, quo Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2900" xml:space="preserve">dixit; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2901" xml:space="preserve">inſalubres autem hoc quiſequitur modo.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2902" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2903" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Qvibvs</emph>
              autem inſidentes ſunt paludes, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2904" xml:space="preserve">non habent exitus profluentes, neque per flumina ne-
                <lb/>
              que per foſſas, uti Pontinæ ſtando putreſcunt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2905" xml:space="preserve">humores graues & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2906" xml:space="preserve">peſtilentes in his locis emittunt,
                <lb/>
              quod & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2907" xml:space="preserve">exemplo probat ſumpto ab historia. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2908" xml:space="preserve">Item in Apulia oppidum Salapia uetus, quod Diome-
                <lb/>
              des ab Troia rediens conſtituit: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2909" xml:space="preserve">ſiue ( quemadmodum nonnulli ſcripſerunt Elphias Rhodius) in
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.060-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.060-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              eiuſmodi locis fuerat collocatum, ex quo incolæ quotannis laborantes, aliquando peruenerunt ad
                <lb/>
              M. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2910" xml:space="preserve">Hoſtilium, ab eoq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2911" xml:space="preserve">publicè petentes, impetrauerunt, uti is idoneum locum ad mœnia transfe-
                <lb/>
              renda conquireret, eligeretq́;</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2912" xml:space="preserve">. Tunc is moratus non eſt, ſed ſtatim rationibus doctiſsimè quæſitis ſe-
                <lb/>
              cundum mare mercatus eſt poſſeſsionem loco ſalubri ab ſenatu, populoq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2913" xml:space="preserve">Roma. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2914" xml:space="preserve">petijt, ut liceret
                <lb/>
              transferre oppidum, conſtituitq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2915" xml:space="preserve">mœnia, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2916" xml:space="preserve">areas diuiſit, nummoq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2917" xml:space="preserve">ſextertio ſingulis municipibus man
                <lb/>
              cipio dedit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2918" xml:space="preserve">His confectis lacum aperuit in mare, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2919" xml:space="preserve">portum è lacu municipio perfecit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2920" xml:space="preserve">Itaque nunc
                <lb/>
              Salapini quatuor millibus paſsibus progreſsiab oppido uetere habitant ſalubri loco.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2921" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2922" xml:space="preserve">Pontinæ paludes ſunt peſtilentes, quia inſident, nec habent exitus profluentes aquæ, ne que per flumina, ne-
                <lb/>
              que per foſſas: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2923" xml:space="preserve">Eadem de cauſa in Apulia Vetus Salapia erat inhabitabilis, quæ cura, ſolertia, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2924" xml:space="preserve">pruden-
                <lb/>
              tia M. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2925" xml:space="preserve">Hostilij loco breui interuallo mutato ſalubris effecta est. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2926" xml:space="preserve">Propius enim acceßit ad mare, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2927" xml:space="preserve">ſestertijs
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.060-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.060-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              ſingulis areas ædificaturis ciuibus uendidit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2928" xml:space="preserve">quæres inſtar donationis imaginem uenditionis habet ( ut inquit
                <lb/>
              Budæus ex ea uenditione, quæ municipium dicitur, quoniam nec omnino donatio, nec penitus eſt uenditio ) la-
                <lb/>
              cum aperuit in mare, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2929" xml:space="preserve">portum è lacu perficit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2930" xml:space="preserve">Cic. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2931" xml:space="preserve">contra Rullum inquit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2932" xml:space="preserve">Niſi forte mauultis his rebus,
                <lb/>
              atque hac luce P. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2933" xml:space="preserve">V. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2934" xml:space="preserve">In Sipontina ſiccitate, aut in Salpinarum peſtilentiæ finibus Rullo duce collocari.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2935" xml:space="preserve">Aulus Gell. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2936" xml:space="preserve">libro ſextodecimo municipij, coloniæq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2937" xml:space="preserve">diſcrimen ponit, uimq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2938" xml:space="preserve">uerbi & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2939" xml:space="preserve">ſignific ationem ex D. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2940" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              Adriani ſententia ſcite declarat, inquiens. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2941" xml:space="preserve">Municipes ſunt ciues romani, ex municipijs ſuo iure, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2942" xml:space="preserve">legibus
                <lb/>
              ſuis utentes muneris tantum cum Pop. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2943" xml:space="preserve">Rom. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2944" xml:space="preserve">honorarij participes, a quo munere capeſcendo appellari uiden-
                <lb/>
              tur nullis alijs neceßitatibus, neque ulla Po. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2945" xml:space="preserve">Ro. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2946" xml:space="preserve">lege adſtricti, cum nunquàm populus eorum fundus factus
                <lb/>
              eſſet. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2947" xml:space="preserve">Primos autem municipes ſine ſuffragij iure Cærites eſſe factos accepimus, conceſſumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2948" xml:space="preserve">illis ut ciuitatis
                <lb/>
              Romanæ honorem quidem caperent, ſed negocijs tamen atque oneribus uacarent, pro ſacris bello Gallico rece
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.060-06" xlink:href="note-514.01.060-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
              </s>
            </p>
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