Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

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            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3695" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="41" file="514.01.073" n="73" rhead="PRIMVS."/>
              unde Sol oriri, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3696" xml:space="preserve">occidere ſolet quatuor anni temporibus, huiuſmodi autem partes ſunt, triplex ortus, æqui-
                <lb/>
              noctialis, de quo dictum est,Hybernus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3697" xml:space="preserve">æstiuus; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3698" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3699" xml:space="preserve">triplex occaſus ſimili ratione dictus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3700" xml:space="preserve">item meridies,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3701" xml:space="preserve">Septentrio iam poſitis partibus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3702" xml:space="preserve">Vnde octo ſunt venti ſecundum hanc diſtinctionem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3703" xml:space="preserve">hinc Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3704" xml:space="preserve">inquit.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3705" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3706" xml:space="preserve">Sed qui diligentius perquiſiuerunt, tradiderunt eos eſſe octo, maxime quidem Andronicus Cyr-
                <lb/>
              rheſtes. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3707" xml:space="preserve">Qui etiam exemplum collocauit Athenis turrim marmoream octogonon, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3708" xml:space="preserve">in ſingulis late-
                <lb/>
              ribus octogoni, ſingulorum uentorum imagines exculptas, contra ſuos cuiuſque flatus deſignauit.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3709" xml:space="preserve">ſupraq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3710" xml:space="preserve">eam turrim marmoream metam perfecit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3711" xml:space="preserve">inſuper Tritonem æreum collocauit dextra ma-
                <lb/>
              nu uirgam porrigentem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3712" xml:space="preserve">ita eſt machinatus, uti uento circumageretur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3713" xml:space="preserve">ſemper contra flatum
                <lb/>
              conſiſteret, ſupraq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3714" xml:space="preserve">imaginem flantis uenti indicem uirgam teneret. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3715" xml:space="preserve">Itaque ſunt collocati inter Sola-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.073-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.073-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              num, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3716" xml:space="preserve">Auſtrum ab Oriente hyberno, Eurus: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3717" xml:space="preserve">inter Auſtrum & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3718" xml:space="preserve">Fauonium ab occidente hyberno,
                <lb/>
              Affricus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3719" xml:space="preserve">inter Fauoniũ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3720" xml:space="preserve">Septentrionem, Caurus, quem plures uocãt Corum, inter Septentrionem,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3721" xml:space="preserve">Solanum, Aquilo. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3722" xml:space="preserve">Hoc modo uidetur eſſe expreſſum, uti capiatur numerus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3723" xml:space="preserve">nomina, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3724" xml:space="preserve">par-
                <lb/>
              tes, unde flatus uentorum certi ſpirent.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3725" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3726" xml:space="preserve">Hanc diſtinctionem capit Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3727" xml:space="preserve">tanquam diligentius animaduerſam, exemplumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3728" xml:space="preserve">Andronici ponit, qui
                <lb/>
              Athenis turrim marmoream octo laterum conſtruxit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3729" xml:space="preserve">in ſingulis lateribus ſingulas uentorum imagines
                <lb/>
              exculptas collocauit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3730" xml:space="preserve">ſupra turrim uolubilem Tritonem æreum poſuit, ut flante uento facile uerteretur.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3731" xml:space="preserve">quod noſtris temporibus obſeruatum paſſim uidemus, ut ſciamus, qua parte quis ſpiret uentus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3732" xml:space="preserve">Alia diſtin-
                <lb/>
              ctio uentorum penes authores reperitur, multi enim a duodecim ſigniferi partibus duodecim ventos enume-
                <lb/>
              rant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3733" xml:space="preserve">partes autem ſigniferi ſigna uocantur, ſub quibus Sol progrediens uim habet commouendorum uento-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.073-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.073-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              rum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3734" xml:space="preserve">ſed hæc diſtinctio Aſtrologorum propria eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3735" xml:space="preserve">Cæterum ſi uelimus etiam nautarum rationem habere, aliã
                <lb/>
              quoque ventorum diſtinctionem inueniemus, commoditate enim & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3736" xml:space="preserve">uſu nauigantes, duo & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3737" xml:space="preserve">triginta uento-
                <lb/>
              rum nomina poſuere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3738" xml:space="preserve">eaq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3739" xml:space="preserve">in pixide ſua collocarunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3740" xml:space="preserve">hanc nos hic deſcripſimus, ut quæ dicta ſunt facilius per-
                <lb/>
              cipiantur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3741" xml:space="preserve">ſiuero aliqua alia uentorum diſtinctio reperiatur, quemadmodum inferius eos uigintiquatuor ali-
                <lb/>
              qui faciunt, id alio atque alio fine, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3742" xml:space="preserve">propoſito factum eſſe intelligendum eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3743" xml:space="preserve">Sed inconſtans adhuc vento-
                <lb/>
              rum appellatio uideripoteſt, quoniam meridionales venti nobis qui ſunt, polares oppoſitæ parti habentur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3744" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              econtra. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3745" xml:space="preserve">nam uenti qui a Septentione flant, meridiani ſunt illis, quibus alius uertex eleuatur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3746" xml:space="preserve">mutatur
                <lb/>
              etiam uentorum qualitas, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3747" xml:space="preserve">qui nobis frigidi ſunt, alijs calidi habentur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3748" xml:space="preserve">Item ſi a loco unde ueniunt ſuman-
                <lb/>
              tur ventorum nomina, incerta nomenclatura ſumetur, nam qui nobis lybicus dicitur, quod ab Lybia ueniat,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3749" xml:space="preserve">occiduus & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3750" xml:space="preserve">orientalis aliquibus orbis incolis habetur, quapropter ij venti, qui a particulari ſitu ſumuntur,
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.073-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.073-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              non uidentur habere rectam & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3751" xml:space="preserve">uniuer ſalem ſuorum nominum diſtinctionem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3752" xml:space="preserve">Vnde aliqui uoluere communio-
                <lb/>
              ri & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3753" xml:space="preserve">certiori quadam ratione, occiduos orientales, dexteros, ac ſiniſtros uocare ventos.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3754" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3755" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Qvod</emph>
              cum ita exploratum habeatur,ut inueniantur regiones, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3756" xml:space="preserve">ortus eorum, ſic erit ratiocinan-
                <lb/>
              dum.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3757" xml:space="preserve"># Inuenta linea meridianæ a Gnomone directo, facile inueniuntur puncta, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3758" xml:space="preserve">regiones, a qui-
                <lb/>
              bus uenti oriuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3759" xml:space="preserve">quare Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3760" xml:space="preserve">huiuſmodi lineæ inuentionem quærit hoc loco. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3761" xml:space="preserve">inquit igitur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3762" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3763" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Collocetvr</emph>
              ad libellam marmoreum amuſium medijs mœnibus, aut locus ita expoliatur ad re-
                <lb/>
              gulam & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3764" xml:space="preserve">Iibellam, ut amuſium non deſideretur, ſupraq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3765" xml:space="preserve">eius loci centrum medium, collocetur æneus
                <lb/>
              Gnomon, indagator umbræ, qui Græce σκiαθήρας dicitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3766" xml:space="preserve">Huius antemeridiana circiter horam quin
                <lb/>
              tam, ſumenda eſt extrema Gnomonis umbra, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3767" xml:space="preserve">puncto ſignanda. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3768" xml:space="preserve">Deinde circino diducto ad pun-
                <lb/>
              ctum, quod eſt Gnomonis umbræ longitudinis ſignum, ex eoq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3769" xml:space="preserve">a centro circumagenda linea rotun-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.073-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.073-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              dationis: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3770" xml:space="preserve">itemq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3771" xml:space="preserve">obſeruanda poſtmeridiana iſtius Gnomonis creſcens umbra, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3772" xml:space="preserve">cum tetigerit circi-
                <lb/>
              nationis lineam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3773" xml:space="preserve">fecerit parem antemeridianæ umbræ poſtmeridianam, ſignanda puncto. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3774" xml:space="preserve">Ex his
                <lb/>
              duobus ſignis circino decuſſatim deſcribendum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3775" xml:space="preserve">per decuſſationem & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3776" xml:space="preserve">medium centrum linea per-
                <lb/>
              ducenda ad extremum, ut habeatur meridiana & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3777" xml:space="preserve">ſeptentrionalis regio.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3778" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3779" xml:space="preserve">Inuenta linea meridianæ umbræ in plano æquato, facile regiones uentorum omnium inueniuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3780" xml:space="preserve">Quare
                <lb/>
              Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3781" xml:space="preserve">facile, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3782" xml:space="preserve">ſcite admodum meridianam lineam docet inuenire. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3783" xml:space="preserve">In medio igitur urbis collocari iubet pla-
                <lb/>
              nam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3784" xml:space="preserve">deformatam marmoream tabulam, regula, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3785" xml:space="preserve">libella penitus exæquatam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3786" xml:space="preserve">læuigatam, quam uo
                <lb/>
              cat Amuſſium, Amuſſis enim fabrorum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3787" xml:space="preserve">lapicidarum regula, qua ad dirigenda ligna, læuigandaq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3788" xml:space="preserve">ſaxa
                <lb/>
              utuntur, in cuius medio ad perpendiculum æreum ſtylum figit, quem Gnomonem uocat, quia directus ſuper pla
                <lb/>
              no angulum rectum facit: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3789" xml:space="preserve">hunc etiam umbræ indagatorem ab effectu nominat, quod & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3790" xml:space="preserve">Græci fecere, σκiαθήρας
                <lb/>
              appellantes. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3791" xml:space="preserve">Lucente Sole obſeruat longitudinem umbræ, quam Gnomon iacit per horam antemeridiem, ſex
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.073-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.073-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              tam enim horam meridianam faciehant antiqui, cum ſemper in duodecim partes diem diuidebant: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3792" xml:space="preserve">quinta igi-
                <lb/>
              tur hora erat proxima antemeridianam. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3793" xml:space="preserve">Sed nihil refert, etiam ſi ab hora quarta fiat obſeruatio, niſi forte
                <lb/>
              commodius quinta hora capiatur, breuior enim tunc umbra cernitur, altiorem partem occupante Sole. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3794" xml:space="preserve">ob-
                <lb/>
              ſeruata igitur Gnomonis umbræ extremitate hora quinta, ſignataq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3795" xml:space="preserve">in Amuſſio extrahitur Gnomon, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3796" xml:space="preserve">loco
                <lb/>
              eius centrum circini ponitur, diductoq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3797" xml:space="preserve">altero crure ad ſignum extremæ unbræ deſcribitur orbis, postmodum
                <lb/>
              Onomon eodem priori loco directus ponitur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3798" xml:space="preserve">expectandum eſt donec umbra extrema eiuſdem Gnomonis poſt
                <lb/>
              meridiem circmationis lineam tangat, ſignandumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3799" xml:space="preserve">iterum & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3800" xml:space="preserve">in eadem circinatione extremum umbræ, atq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3801" xml:space="preserve">ita
                <lb/>
              duo ſigna habentur,alterum umbræ antemeridianæ horæ quintæ, alterum umbræ postmeridianæ horæ ſeptimæ.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3802" xml:space="preserve">nam cum ſol æquabiliter ab ortu, uſq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3803" xml:space="preserve">ad meridiem aſcendat, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3804" xml:space="preserve">eodem ordine ac tempore a meridie ad occaſum
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.073-06" xlink:href="note-514.01.073-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
              deſcendat,neceſſe est ut eodem ſpatio a quinta ad ſextam aſcendat,quo a ſexta ad ſeptimã deſcendit: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3805" xml:space="preserve"/>
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