Vitruvius, I Dieci Libri dell' Architettvra di M. Vitrvvio, 1556

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        <div xml:id="echoid-div204" type="section" level="1" n="28">
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7554" xml:space="preserve">
              <pb o="66" file="0072" n="74" rhead="LIBRO"/>
            parlare. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7555" xml:space="preserve">Similmente nelle Idee delle fabriche altre proportioni, altre diſpoſitioni, altri ordini ci uuole, quando nella Fabrica ſi richiede
              <lb/>
            grandezza, ò ueneratione, che quando ſi dimanda bellezza, ò delicatezza, ò ſemplicità, ò ſchiettezza, che la natura delle coſe, che uanno à
              <lb/>
            formare una Idea dell’Oratione ſa, che quelle poſſono eſſer degnamente inſieme con quelle, che uanno à formarne un’altra. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7556" xml:space="preserve">La onde nella pu-
              <lb/>
            @ità ſi può hauer del grande, nella grandezza dell’ornato, nell’ornamento del ſemplice, nella ſemplicità dello ſplendido, anzi queεto è ſomma
              <lb/>
            lode dell’Oratore, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7557" xml:space="preserve">ſi ſa meſcolando i numeri d’una forma con le parole, ò figure, ò arteficij d’un’altra, come è manifeεto à i ueri Architetti
              <lb/>
            della Oratione. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7558" xml:space="preserve">Però dico io che meſcolando ragioneuolmente nelle fabriche le proportioni d’una maniera, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7559" xml:space="preserve">componendole, ò leuandole,
              <lb/>
            ne può riſoltare una bella ſorma di mezzo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7560" xml:space="preserve">Le coſe di prima ſono ſemplici, e, ſchietti fannoſi poi con diuerſe aggiunte ogni fiata maggiori,
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7561" xml:space="preserve">piu ornate, ilche chiaramente ſi uede in tutte l’opere, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7562" xml:space="preserve">inuentioni de mortali. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7563" xml:space="preserve">Non deue pero il ſauio & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7564" xml:space="preserve">prudente preporre tutto quel-
              <lb/>
            lo che ci uien fatto, ma ſolamente quelle coſe, che cominciano hauer non ſo che di occulta uirtù, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7565" xml:space="preserve">che cominciano à ſatisfar à ſenſi noſtri.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7566" xml:space="preserve">Ecco non piglia l’Oratore tutto quello, che il ſciocco uulgo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7567" xml:space="preserve">la baſſa plebe apprende, ma quello, che può cader ſotto la capacità di chi aſcol
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0072-01" xlink:href="note-0072-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            ta con qualche piu eleuato ſentimento, che da ſe la plebe non troueria, ma trouato da altri apprende, et ſe ne diletta. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7568" xml:space="preserve">Coſi Vitruuio non prende
              <lb/>
            tutte quelle forme, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7569" xml:space="preserve">figure di Fabriche, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7570" xml:space="preserve">di Tempi, che fatti ſono, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7571" xml:space="preserve">da queſto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7572" xml:space="preserve">da quello, che nel fabricare è in luogo di uulgo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7573" xml:space="preserve">di
              <lb/>
            plebe, perche queſto ſarebbe infinito ne ſotto artificio ſi comprenderebbe, ma ci propone quelle coſe, che ſatisſanno à chi non ſa piu oltre poi
              <lb/>
            che ſon fatte, ma non poſſono da ognuno eſſer ritrouate. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7574" xml:space="preserve">Dice adunque, che i principij, cioè l’origine della noſtra conſideratione, è la figura,
              <lb/>
            cioè quello che all’aſpctto noſtro di prima ſi rappreſenta queſta figura: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7575" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7576" xml:space="preserve">queſto aſpetto, ò è nelle parti dinanzi, ò nelle parti di dietro,
              <lb/>
            ò ne i lati de i Tempi, ò partit amente in piu fabriche, ò in una medeſima, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7577" xml:space="preserve">però egli ci pone inanzi ſette figure, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7578" xml:space="preserve">aſpetti di Tempi,
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7579" xml:space="preserve">dice.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7580" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7581" xml:space="preserve">Et prima lo aſpetto nelle pilaſtrate ſi forma, dapoi ſegue quello che dinanzi ha le Colonne detto Proſtilo.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7582" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7583" xml:space="preserve">Le pilaεtrate, che Ante ſi chiamano ſono nelle cantonate della facciata, queεte in Greco Paraſtade ſono dette. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7584" xml:space="preserve">Il primo aſpetto adunque è della
              <lb/>
            facciata dinanzi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7585" xml:space="preserve">della fronte del Tempio, nellaquale ſono ne gli anguli le pilaεtrate, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7586" xml:space="preserve">contraforti quadrati, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7587" xml:space="preserve">nel mezzo le colon-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0072-02" xlink:href="note-0072-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
            ne che ſportano infuori, ſopra lequali colonne è il Frontefpicio fatto con quelle ragioni che ſi dir a poi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7588" xml:space="preserve">Il primo aſpetto adunque della figura
              <lb/>
            e detto per dir à modo noſtro Faccia in pilaſtri. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7589" xml:space="preserve">Il ſecondo è detto faccia in colonne, perche dinanzi i pilaſtri, che erano nel primo aſpetto ſo-
              <lb/>
            pra le cantonate tiene le colonne, che ſegueno l’ordine di quelle di mezzo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7590" xml:space="preserve">nel Fronteſpicio é ſimile al primo aſpetto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7591" xml:space="preserve">queſto aſpetto ſe-
              <lb/>
            condo è la prima aggiũta, che ſi da al ſemplice modo gia detto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7592" xml:space="preserve">s’intende ſolamente nella facciata dinanzi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7593" xml:space="preserve">Il terzo aſpetto è detto Amphi
              <lb/>
            proſtilo, perche aggiugne al proεtilo, che è facciata in colonne, ancho la parte di dietro ſimilmente con le colonne, è fronteſpicij, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7594" xml:space="preserve">ſi puo dir
              <lb/>
            due teſte, ò amendue fronti in colonne. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7595" xml:space="preserve">Stilo in Greco uuol dir colonna, pro, dinanzi, Amphi d’ammendue le fronti. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7596" xml:space="preserve">Il quarto è detto Pe
              <lb/>
            ripteros cioè, d’intorno alato, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7597" xml:space="preserve">cinto di colonne, queεti ha di dietro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7598" xml:space="preserve">dinanzi colonne ſei, ma da i lati undeci, ponendoui quelle, che ſono
              <lb/>
            ſopra da le cantonate, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7599" xml:space="preserve">queεti fanno ſpacio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7600" xml:space="preserve">portico. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7601" xml:space="preserve">Il quinto ha di piu queſto, che nelle teſte ha otto colonne, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7602" xml:space="preserve">ne, i, lati quindeci
              <lb/>
            computando le angulari. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7603" xml:space="preserve">Queſto aſpetto ſi chiama Pſeudodipteros pſeudo uuol dir falſo, Dipteros, che ha due ale, d’intorno Pteros fignifica
              <lb/>
            ala, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7604" xml:space="preserve">Pteromata dette ſono le mura dall’una, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7605" xml:space="preserve">Paltra parte dell’antitempio detto Pronao, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7606" xml:space="preserve">uolgarmente ſi dice un’ala di muro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7607" xml:space="preserve">ancho
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0072-03" xlink:href="note-0072-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
            ſono detti i colonati d’intorno al Tempio, perche à modo di ala ſtanno d’intorno, onde Peripteron, è detto quello aſpetto di figura di Tempio,
              <lb/>
            che ha d’intorno la cella, ò naue del Tempio un’ordine ſolo di colonne, Dipteros due, Pſeudodipteros, quello che ha leuato l’ordine interiore
              <lb/>
            delle colonne à torno, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7608" xml:space="preserve">laſcia piu libero lo ſpatio da paſſeggiare d’intorno il corpo del Tempio. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7609" xml:space="preserve">Vuole Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7610" xml:space="preserve">che queſto aſpetto, che è det
              <lb/>
            to Dipteros, perche ha due ordini di colonne à torno & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7611" xml:space="preserve">fa come un portico doppio, habbia di dietro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7612" xml:space="preserve">dinanzi otto colonne, ma da i lati
              <lb/>
            d’intorno al Tempio tenga due ordini di colonne, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7613" xml:space="preserve">queſto è il ſeſto aſpetto. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7614" xml:space="preserve">Il ſettimo ueramente e detto Hipetros, cioè ſotto l’aere, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7615" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            diſcoperto ha dieci colonne per teεta; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7616" xml:space="preserve">nel reſto è conforme al Dipteros, eccetto in alcune coſe (come dira Vitruuio).</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7617" xml:space="preserve">Et in queſto luogo co-
              <lb/>
            me in altri, hauemo da dolerci prima della poca felicità della lingua, che non habbia uocaboli propij, ò facile la compoſitione di quelli. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7618" xml:space="preserve">Dapoi
              <lb/>
            della maluagità de i tempi, che non ci ha laſciato gli eſſempi delle Fabriche citate da Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7619" xml:space="preserve">ne meno i diſſegni, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7620" xml:space="preserve">le figure dello autore. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7621" xml:space="preserve">Ma
              <lb/>
            perche non è lecita formarne de nuoui, perche come, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7622" xml:space="preserve">le uoci, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7623" xml:space="preserve">le coſe ci ſono leuate, ecci tolto la honeſta licenza di formarne alcuna da noi?
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7624" xml:space="preserve">biſogna, che l’uſo ammoliſca la durezza delle parole, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7625" xml:space="preserve">che la lingua noſtra corteſe ſia à riceuere i uocaboli foreſtieri, come nelle arti fece la
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0072-04" xlink:href="note-0072-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
            Romana, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7626" xml:space="preserve">lo eſſempio ne, è, poco lontano, imperoche Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7627" xml:space="preserve">iſteſſo uſa i nomi Greci, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7628" xml:space="preserve">quelli con l’uſo rende facili, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7629" xml:space="preserve">piaceuoli, però ancho
              <lb/>
            noi tentiamo di apprender le coſe, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7630" xml:space="preserve">laſciamo à ſcielta di ciaſcuno eleggere, ò componere i nomi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7631" xml:space="preserve">Dice adunque Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7632" xml:space="preserve">numer ando prima gli
              <lb/>
            aſpetti delle figure, che ſi fanno in diuerſe compoſitioni di tempi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7633" xml:space="preserve">poi dichiara come, è, doue erano dicendo.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7634" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7635" xml:space="preserve">Et prima lo aſpetto della facciata in pilaſtri ſi forma, dapoi della faccia in colonna, amendue le teſte in colonne, l’ale
              <lb/>
            intorno, il finto aſpetto di due ordini, il doppio à lato, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7636" xml:space="preserve">lo ſcoperto, il Tempio di faccie in pilaſtri ſi ſa quando egli
              <lb/>
            ha nella fronte i pilaſtri.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7637" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7638" xml:space="preserve">Che ſon colonne quadre ſu gli anguli de i Pareti.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7639" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7640" xml:space="preserve">Che rinchiudono il corpo del Tempio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7641" xml:space="preserve">tra i pilaſtri nel mezzo due colonne, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7642" xml:space="preserve">ſopra eſſe il Fronteſpicio fatto con
              <lb/>
            quella conuenienza di miſure, che ſi dirà in queſto Libro. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7643" xml:space="preserve">Lo eſſempio di queſto aſpetto ſi uede alle tre Fortune, è
              <lb/>
            delle tre quello, che è uicino alla porta Collina.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7644" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7645" xml:space="preserve">Et à noſtri giorni non ſi hareliquia di queſto Tempio, pero con le ragioni imparate da Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7646" xml:space="preserve">figurando la pianta, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7647" xml:space="preserve">lo impie, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7648" xml:space="preserve">alcuna uolta il
              <lb/>
            profilo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7649" xml:space="preserve">i lati laſciaremo le ombre, è ſolamente con linee operando, proponeremo gli eſſempi adornandone qualche parte, con diuerſe ma-
              <lb/>
            niere di tagli, accioche ſi ſappia qual ornamento à qual membro conuegna, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7650" xml:space="preserve">oltra i corpi intieri delle fabriche poſti in forma conueniente fa
              <lb/>
            remo da per ſe partitamente ogm membro di piu commoda, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7651" xml:space="preserve">maggior miſura, di modo che ogni parte ſi potr à con la ſeſta miſurare, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7652" xml:space="preserve">le fi-
              <lb/>
            gure noεtre ſer anno come Sacome, che ſeruiranno à tutti i fabricatori. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7653" xml:space="preserve">Laſciaremo d’empir i figli di figure di coſe minute, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7654" xml:space="preserve">facili, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7655" xml:space="preserve">non
              <lb/>
            affettaremo la quantita, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7656" xml:space="preserve">la ſottilit à delle figure adombrate, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7657" xml:space="preserve">in iſcorzo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7658" xml:space="preserve">in proſpettìue, perche la noεtra intentione è, dimoſtrare le
              <lb/>
            coſe, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7659" xml:space="preserve">non inſegnare à dipignere.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7660" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7661" xml:space="preserve">La faccia in colonne detta Proſtilos, ha tutte le coſe, che tiene la faccia in pilaſtri, ma ha due colonne ſopra le cantonate
              <lb/>
            dirimpetto à pilaſtri, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7662" xml:space="preserve">ſopra ha gli architraui come ha la faccia in pilaſtri, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7663" xml:space="preserve">dalla deſtra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7664" xml:space="preserve">dalla finiſtra nel uolhare
              <lb/>
            delle cantonate tiene una colonna per banda. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7665" xml:space="preserve">Lo eſſempio è nell’Iſola Tiburtina al Tẽpio di Gioue, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7666" xml:space="preserve">di Fauno. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7667" xml:space="preserve">Lo
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0072-06" xlink:href="note-0072-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
            aſpetto, che ha amendue le teſte in colonne, tiene cio che è nella faccia in colonne, ma di piu ſerua lo iſteſſo modo di
              <lb/>
            colonne, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7668" xml:space="preserve">di Fronteſpicio nella parte di dietro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7669" xml:space="preserve">pero è detto Amphiproſtilos.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7670" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7671" xml:space="preserve">Vno eſſempio ſerue ad amendue le forme ſoprapoſte, però ci ſeruira una figura ſola, ma bene dalla pianta ſi conoſcerà la differenza perche le
              <lb/>
            uando uia, quello che è nella pianta da una delle teſte dell’ amphiproſtilos, reεter à la pianta del proſtilos, ò uero aggiugnendo al proſtilos quello
              <lb/>
            che è dall’una delle teſte all’altra, ne uenir à l’Amphiproſtilos. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7672" xml:space="preserve">Stimo io che la luce di queſti tempi ueneſſe dalle porte ſolamente, percioche io
              <lb/>
            non trouo ſatta mentione di fineſtre. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7673" xml:space="preserve">L’lſola Tiburtina fu conſecrata ad Eſculapio ſatta prima, à, caſo, pci da Romani fortificata, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7674" xml:space="preserve">ador
              <lb/>
            nata di molti belli, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7675" xml:space="preserve">grandi edificij. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7676" xml:space="preserve">Appreſſo il Tempio di Eſculapio hebbe Gioue il ſuo edificato da L. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7677" xml:space="preserve">Furio Purpurione Conſolo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7678" xml:space="preserve">de-
              <lb/>
            dicato da C. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7679" xml:space="preserve">Seruilio (come dicono alcuni).</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7680" xml:space="preserve">Et nella punta dell’lſola hebbe ancho Fauno il ſuo Tempio, delqual hoggi appena ſi uedeno alquanti
              <lb/>
            ueſtigi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7681" xml:space="preserve">meno ſe ne uedrà per l’auuenire perche il Teuere, per quanto odo, gli ua rodendo intorno, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7682" xml:space="preserve">leuando il terreno. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7683" xml:space="preserve">T. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7684" xml:space="preserve">Liuio uuole
              <lb/>
            che di alcune condennagioni fuſſe edificato il detto Tempio da Gn. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7685" xml:space="preserve">Domitio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7686" xml:space="preserve">C. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7687" xml:space="preserve">Scribonio Edili.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7688" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">70</note>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7689" xml:space="preserve">L’aſpetto che ha le ale à torno detto Peripteros, è quello che tiene d’amendue le fronti ſei colonne, ma ne i lati undici
              <lb/>
            con le angulari, ſi che queſte colonne ſiano collocate in modo che lo fpacio che è tra colonna, è colonna, ſia d’intor-
              <lb/>
            no da i Pareti, à gli ultimi ordini delle colonne, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7690" xml:space="preserve">fi poſſa paſſeggiare d’intorno la cella, come è nel portico di Metel-
              <lb/>
            lo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7691" xml:space="preserve">Di Gioue ſtatore, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7692" xml:space="preserve">alla Mariana dell’Honore, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7693" xml:space="preserve">della uirtù fatto da Mutio fenza la partedi dietro.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7694" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7695" xml:space="preserve">Leggeſi che un Tempio dell’Honore era fuori della porta Salaria, perche iui ſi trouò preſſo lo altare una lamma con queſte parole
              <emph style="sc">DOMIN AE</emph>
              <lb/>
              <emph style="sc">HONORIS.</emph>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7696" xml:space="preserve">Marco Marcello dedicòun Tempio all’honore, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7697" xml:space="preserve">alla Virtù, che fu poi da Veſpaſiano riεtaurato, come nelle medaglie ſi </s>
          </p>
        </div>
      </text>
    </echo>
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