Vitruvius, I Dieci Libri dell' Architettvra di M. Vitrvvio, 1556

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          <pb o="82" file="0088" n="97" rhead="LIBRO"/>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8121" xml:space="preserve">Noi hauĕmo eſpoſto aſſai ſufficientemente la oppinione di Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8122" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8123" xml:space="preserve">pero paſſando à quello, che egli dice, io dico che egli anchora uiene à piu par-
              <lb/>
            ticolari, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8124" xml:space="preserve">piu diſtinte ragioni, però tratta delle contrattioni, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8125" xml:space="preserve">rastremamenti, che ſi ſanno nel ſommo della Colonna e tratta della gonfia-
              <lb/>
            tura che ſi fa nel mezzo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8126" xml:space="preserve">dice.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8127" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8128" xml:space="preserve">Le diminutioni, che ſi fanno nella parte di ſopra delle Colonne, ſotto i collarini Hypotrachelij nominati, ſi deono
              <lb/>
            fare in queſto modo, che ſe la Colonna ſerà di quindici piedi almeno diuiſa ſia la groſſezza del fuſto da baſſo in ſei par
              <lb/>
            ti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8129" xml:space="preserve">di quelle parti cinque facciano la groſſezza di ſopra. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8130" xml:space="preserve">Anchora di quella colonna, che ſara da quindici fin pie-
              <lb/>
            di uenti, la pianta ſera in ſei parti, è mezza diuiſa, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8131" xml:space="preserve">di quelle cinque, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8132" xml:space="preserve">mezza facciano la groſſezza di ſopra. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8133" xml:space="preserve">Si-
              <lb/>
            milmente di quelle, che ſaranno da uenti fin trenta piedi, la pianta ſi partira in ſette parti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8134" xml:space="preserve">in ſei di quelle ſi fara
              <lb/>
            la diminutione di ſopra, ma quella, che ſara d’altezza da trenta fin quaraãta piedi, dal baſſo hauera ſette, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8135" xml:space="preserve">mezzo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8136" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            di ſopra ſei, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8137" xml:space="preserve">mezzo la ragione del ſuo raſtremamento. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8138" xml:space="preserve">Et coſi quella, che ſara alta da quaranta fin cinquanta pie-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0088-01" xlink:href="note-0088-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            di, eſſendo dal baſſo in otto partita, ſara ſette di ſopra nel collarino, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8139" xml:space="preserve">quelle, che ſeranno piu alte con la iſteſſa ra-
              <lb/>
            gione per la ratta parte ſi diminuiranno. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8140" xml:space="preserve">Ma quelle per la diſtanza dell’altezza ingannano l’aſpetto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8141" xml:space="preserve">la uiſta del-
              <lb/>
            l’occhio, che aſcẽde, percioche ſi aggiugne alle groſſezze il temperamento, poi che la uiſta noſtra ſeguita mirabilmen
              <lb/>
            te la gratia, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8142" xml:space="preserve">la bellezza, al piacere dellaquale, ſe noi con la proportione, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8143" xml:space="preserve">con la aggiunta delle miſure luſingan
              <lb/>
            do non conſentimo, accioche di quello, in che ella è ingannata, con la moderanza ſia accreſciuto, ella rimandera in
              <lb/>
            dietro a i riguardanti ſproportinoato, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8144" xml:space="preserve">ſenza gratia Paſpetto ſuo.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8145" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8146" xml:space="preserve">Faceuano gli antichi la ſommita della colonna di ſopra piu ſottile, che la parte di ſotto, faceuano ſimilmente nel mez
              <lb/>
              <figure xlink:label="fig-0088-01" xlink:href="fig-0088-01a" number="35">
                <variables xml:id="echoid-variables10" xml:space="preserve">1 2 3 4 1 3 2 4</variables>
              </figure>
            zo una gonfiezza, e tumidezza, che le daua molto del buono. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8147" xml:space="preserve">La ragione perche coſi faceuano era, perche le
              <lb/>
            coſe naſcenti dalla terra come ſono gli alberi, piu che ſi leuano piu s’aſſotigliano, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8148" xml:space="preserve">gli huomnini aggrauati da i
              <lb/>
            peſi piu s’ingroſſano nel mezzo, però imitando gli alberi ſi raſtremano le colonne di ſopra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8149" xml:space="preserve">imitando i peſi ſi
              <lb/>
            gonfiano. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8150" xml:space="preserve">Vero è che biſogna auuertire, che ſi come creſcendo i uani ha uoluto Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8151" xml:space="preserve">che à proportione cre-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0088-02" xlink:href="note-0088-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
            ſchino le groſſezze delle colonne, coſi uuole hora per la isteſſa ragione, che quanto in altezza e la colonna mag-
              <lb/>
            giore, tanto meno raſtremato ſia, et minuita di ſopra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8152" xml:space="preserve">di cio ci porge l’eſſempio, la regola & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8153" xml:space="preserve">la ragione, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8154" xml:space="preserve">co-
              <lb/>
            mincia da quelle colonne, che ſono alte quindeci piedi, perche di minor quantita ſpecialmente ne i Tempi trouar
              <lb/>
            non ſi douriano, eſſendo quelle fabriche grandi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8155" xml:space="preserve">honoreuoli, da quindeci piedi comincia, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8156" xml:space="preserve">ci da le regole fin
              <lb/>
            cinquanta, uuole che le colonne uadino ſcemando meno quanto piu inalzano, perche l’altezza da ſe fa lo effetto
              <lb/>
            del raſtremare per la diſtanza, imperoche quanto una coſa è più lontana da gli occhi tanto menore ci appare,
              <lb/>
            perche ſi uede ſotto angolo minore. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8157" xml:space="preserve">Ma come ſi faccia queſta diminutione io dico che il Serlio dice coſi, che il fa-
              <lb/>
            ſto o ſtipite della colonna ſia partito in parti tre, et la terza parte da baſſo ſia à per pendicolo, cioè à piombo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8158" xml:space="preserve">le
              <lb/>
            due terzi reſtanti ſian diuiſi in parti equali quanto ſi uuole dipoi alla terza parte della colonna menato un mez-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0088-03" xlink:href="note-0088-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
            Zo circolo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8159" xml:space="preserve">dalle linee che pendono dalli eſtremi del capitello tirati à dentro l’ottaua parte, che ſarà in tutto
              <lb/>
            la quarta parte. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8160" xml:space="preserve">Sotto il collarino qui ſi mener à due linee à piambo caſcante ſopra il mezzo circolo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8161" xml:space="preserve">quella
              <lb/>
            parte del circolo che reſter à da eſſa linea all’estremo lato della colonna ſia diuiſa in altre tante parti equali quan-
              <lb/>
            to quelle de i due terzi della colonna, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8162" xml:space="preserve">coſi fatto dalla deſtra, e ſinistra bãda ſian tirate dalli due lati del mezzo
              <lb/>
            circolo le ſue linee à trauerſo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8163" xml:space="preserve">ad ogni linea poſtoui il ſuo numero per ordine uenendo à baſſo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8164" xml:space="preserve">coſi alle li-
              <lb/>
            nee, che parteno la colonna poſti i numericon il medeſimo ordine, certa coſa è che la prima linea del circolo ſi
              <lb/>
            accordera con la linea ſotto il collarino poi ſi porter à la linea ſeconda del circolo ſopra la ſeconda linea della
              <lb/>
            colonna, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8165" xml:space="preserve">poi ſia portata la terza linea del circolo alla terza linea della colõna, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8166" xml:space="preserve">àipoi la quarta linea del cir-
              <lb/>
            colo ſia portata ſopra la quarta linea della colonna, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8167" xml:space="preserve">fatto queſto dalla baſe del mezzo circolo alla linea quarta
              <lb/>
            ſia menata una linea, et dalla linea quarta alla linea terza menata una linea, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8168" xml:space="preserve">dalla linea terza alla linea ſeconda
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0088-04" xlink:href="note-0088-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
            menata una linea, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8169" xml:space="preserve">dalla linea ſeconda alla linea prima ſia menata un’altra linea, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8170" xml:space="preserve">tanto coſi dalli due lati della
              <lb/>
            colonna anchora che le dette linee in ſe ſiano rette, nondimeno creano una linea curua, nella qual poi il diligente
              <lb/>
            artifice con l’opera di mano uiene à moderar tutti gli anguli,che ſono nel congiugnimento delle linee, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8171" xml:space="preserve">queſta re
              <lb/>
            gola puo ſeruire alla diminutione di tutte le colonne, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8172" xml:space="preserve">meglio rieſce quando in piu parte è diuiſa la colonna, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8173" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            il ſemicircolo, benche à me pare che queſta uia ſia alquanto lunga.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8174" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8175" xml:space="preserve">Ma della aggiunta, che ſi fa nel mezzo delle colonne, che Entaſi da Greci, è detta, nel fin del li-
              <lb/>
            bro ſera formata la ſua ragione, come dolce, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8176" xml:space="preserve">conueniente ſi debbia fare.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8177" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8178" xml:space="preserve">Della gonfiatura, che ſi fa nel mezzo della colonna, accioche la ſia dolce, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8179" xml:space="preserve">tenera, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8180" xml:space="preserve">che gentilmente ſi uolga,
              <lb/>
            noi non hauemo da Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8181" xml:space="preserve">altro, che una promeſſa, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8182" xml:space="preserve">certo io credo, che cio credo, che cio ſtia piu presto in diſcrettione, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8183" xml:space="preserve">de-
              <lb/>
            strezza, che in arte, ò uero in regola, perche Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8184" xml:space="preserve">ci promette la figura ſolamente nel fine del libro. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8185" xml:space="preserve">Dico be-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0088-05" xlink:href="note-0088-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
            ne, che dalla pianta ſino alla ſommita cotesta gonfiezza deue procedere, ma nel mezzo piu dimostrarſi, però con
              <lb/>
            gentilezza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8186" xml:space="preserve">leggiadria, perche (come ho detto) quella gonfiezza è per dimoſtrare alquanto di effetto, che fa
              <lb/>
            il peſo ſopra le colonne, uedenàoſi il ſimile ne i corpi humani, che portano gran peſi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8187" xml:space="preserve">forſe quella gonfiatu-
              <lb/>
            ra è, perche ſi faccia piu gentilmente la diminutione della colonna di ſopra. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8188" xml:space="preserve">Non ſi deue adunque alcuno dar me
              <lb/>
            rauiglia, ſe miſurando le antichita di Roma, non rittroua ſpeſſo le miſure delle colonne à punto, perche ſe egli ſi
              <lb/>
            poteſſe uedere tutto il corpo, l’huomo non ſi merauiglierebbe della grandezza, ò picciolezza de i membri, ma ri-
              <lb/>
            trouando un piede, ò uero un braccio ſeparato, non può dire queſto piede, ò queſto braccio, è, grande, ò piccio-
              <lb/>
            lo, ſe adunque ciò uale nel corpo humano, perche non deue ualere nel corpo d’una fabrica, ò d’altra coſa artificio
              <lb/>
            ſa? </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8189" xml:space="preserve">perche uolemo far giudicio d’una colonna, non ſapendo come era poſta in opera? </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8190" xml:space="preserve">che ſpacio era tra una co-
              <lb/>
            lonna, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8191" xml:space="preserve">l’altra? </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8192" xml:space="preserve">in che maniera era collocata? </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8193" xml:space="preserve">perche accidente era coſi compartita? </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8194" xml:space="preserve">che effetto in che luogo fa
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0088-06" xlink:href="note-0088-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
            ceua? </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8195" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8196" xml:space="preserve">altre ſimil coſe, che danno che dire à queſti diſſègnatori, che tutto di uanno in R oma miſurando le par
              <lb/>
            ti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8197" xml:space="preserve">le particelle, ſenzariguardo del tutto. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8198" xml:space="preserve">Vedi che Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8199" xml:space="preserve">ci leua la ſoperſtitione, l’obbligo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8200" xml:space="preserve">la ſeruitù
              <lb/>
            ſenza ragione, però ſia detto questo in rifpoſta di molte queſtioni, che ſi fanno tutto’l di ſopra tai materie, affer-
              <lb/>
            mando molti, che non ſi poſſa intender Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8201" xml:space="preserve">da chi non è ſtato à Roma, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8202" xml:space="preserve">protestando i medeſimi, che non ſi tro
              <lb/>
            ua in Roma coſa fatta con le ragioni, è miſure di Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8203" xml:space="preserve">coſe che à modo alcuno non poſſono ſtar inſieme, ſono bene, i, termini delle coſè ſecondo
              <lb/>
            il piu, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8204" xml:space="preserve">il meno, ma tra que termini oue ſia, chi con ragione uoglia procedere, chi è, che ci leui il modo di poter fermarſi piu in un che in al-
              <lb/>
            tro luogo, quando la occaſione ci da di ſarlo? </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8205" xml:space="preserve">Io ho in odio non meno la ſoperſtitione, che la hereſia. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8206" xml:space="preserve">La gonfiatura della colonna, come à
              <lb/>
            questi tempi ella ſi intenda pare che ella ſia nata dalle regole della diminutione, ò raſtrematione della colonna posta di ſopra.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8207" xml:space="preserve"/>
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