Vitruvius, I Dieci Libri dell' Architettvra di M. Vitrvvio, 1556

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        <div xml:id="echoid-div303" type="section" level="1" n="40">
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10107" xml:space="preserve">
              <pb o="116" file="0122" n="131" rhead="LIBRO"/>
            d'intorno i corſi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10108" xml:space="preserve">i letti rilieui daranno maggior dilettatione.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10109" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10110" xml:space="preserve">I pilaſtri, ò, ante ſempre ſeranno delle groſſezze delle colonne, ma i pareti al quanto minori, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10111" xml:space="preserve">ſecondo, che porta la ragion delPopera, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10112" xml:space="preserve">il
              <lb/>
            rifpetto del carico. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10113" xml:space="preserve">It muro puo eſſer di minutisſimi cementi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10114" xml:space="preserve">ancho di ſaſſo quadrato grande, è picciolo, rozzo è polito, ma ſiloda per la
              <lb/>
            dilettatione, che i quadri ſiano piccioli, perche la moltitudine delle bugne, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10115" xml:space="preserve">delle prominenze è rilieui, come ſi uede nelle opere ruſtiche, da
              <lb/>
            gran dilettatione.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10116" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
        <div xml:id="echoid-div309" type="section" level="1" n="41">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head41" xml:space="preserve">CAP. V. DI FAR I TEMPI SECONDO LE REGIONI.</head>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10117" xml:space="preserve">TEMPI dei Dei immortali fabricar ſi deono in modo, che guardino uerſo quelle parti del Cie-
              <lb/>
            lo, che ſi cõuiene, che ſe ragione alcunna nõ impedira, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10118" xml:space="preserve">libero ſerà il potere, la ſtatua, che ſerà poſta
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0122-01" xlink:href="note-0122-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            nella parte di dentro, guardi uerſo la ſera, accioche quelli, che entraranno allo altare per ſacrificare,
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10119" xml:space="preserve">conſacrar le uittime ſi uolgano uerſo l'Oriente, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10120" xml:space="preserve">uerſo il Simulachro nel Tempio collocato,
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10121" xml:space="preserve">coſi uotandoſi riguardino il Tempio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10122" xml:space="preserve">l'Oriente, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10123" xml:space="preserve">i Simulachri come naſcenti parino riguar-
              <lb/>
            darei ſupplicanti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10124" xml:space="preserve">ſacrificanti: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10125" xml:space="preserve">percioche pare, che egli ſia neceſſario, che tutti gli altari de i Dei
              <lb/>
            uolti ſiano incontra al mattino, ma ſe la natura del luogo ci ſerà d’impedimento, allhora uoltar ſi deono le fabriche
              <lb/>
            de i Tempi in modo, che la maggior parte della Città ſi poſſa da i Tempi de i Dei Vedere. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10126" xml:space="preserve">Etancho ſi longo i ſiumi
              <lb/>
            ſi faranno i Tempi come nello Egitto d’intorno il Nilo, pare che le fabriche debbiano uoltare uerſo le riue de i ſiumi.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10127" xml:space="preserve">Simigliantemente ſe longo le uie publiche ſi faranno deonſi edificare in modo, che i paſſaggieri posſino riguarda-
              <lb/>
            re, è ſalutare dinanzi la fabrica.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10128" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10129" xml:space="preserve">Tratta del Decoro, che per stanza ſi oßerua, dilche ſe n’è detto nel Primo Libro. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10130" xml:space="preserve">Guardino adunque le fronti de i Tempi uerſo Ponentė, di qui
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0122-02" xlink:href="note-0122-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
            naſcerà, che gli altari, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10131" xml:space="preserve">gli idoli come naſcenti soli pareranno illuminare le menti de, i, ſupplicanti. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10132" xml:space="preserve">Hora ſe quelli, che ador auano gli
              <lb/>
            idoli erano tanto riſpettoſi nelle lor cerimonie, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10133" xml:space="preserve">diuoti ne i Tempi, che douemo ſar noi, che adoramo Iddio uero, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10134" xml:space="preserve">bonoramo i ſanti ſuoi,
              <lb/>
            non doucmo noi ſare ogni dimo stratione, accioche ſiamo incitati al uero, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10135" xml:space="preserve">mental culto Diuino?</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10136" xml:space="preserve">
              <unsure/>
            </s>
          </p>
        </div>
        <div xml:id="echoid-div312" type="section" level="1" n="42">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head42" xml:space="preserve">CAP. VI. DELLE RAGIONI DELLE PORTE, ET DE GLI
            <lb/>
          ORNAMENTI DELLE ERTE, O PILASTRATE
            <lb/>
          CHE SI FANNODINANZI A TEMPI.</head>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10137" xml:space="preserve">VESTE ſono le ragioni delle porte, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10138" xml:space="preserve">delle loro erte, ò pilaſtri, che dinanzi à quelle ſi ſanno.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10139" xml:space="preserve">
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0122-03" xlink:href="note-0122-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
            Prima è neceſſario ſapere di che maniera ſi hanno à fare. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10140" xml:space="preserve">Le maniere di esſi ſono la Dorica. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10141" xml:space="preserve">La Io-
              <lb/>
            nica, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10142" xml:space="preserve">l’Attica. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10143" xml:space="preserve">I compartimenti di queſte nella maniera Dorica ſi trouano con queſte ragioni,
              <lb/>
            che la Cornice, che è ſopra l’impoſta ſuperiore ſia ad egual liuello con i Capitelli delle colonne, che
              <lb/>
            ſono nel Pronao, ò Antitempio. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10144" xml:space="preserve">Il lume del portale eſſer deue in modo, che diuiſa l’altezza del Tem
              <lb/>
            pio, che è tra’l pauimento e i lacunari in tre parti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10145" xml:space="preserve">mezza due di quelle ſi diano all’altezza del lu-
              <lb/>
            me delle porte. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10146" xml:space="preserve">Queſta altezza partita ſia in parti dodici, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10147" xml:space="preserve">di quelle ſe ne diano cinque e mezza per la larghezza
              <lb/>
            del lume da baſſo: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10148" xml:space="preserve">ma di ſopra ſia riſtretto in modo, che ſe il lume da baſſo e di piedi ſedici, ſia riſtretto unterzo del-
              <lb/>
            I’impoſta, ò erta che ſi dica. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10149" xml:space="preserve">Se di ſedici à 25. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10150" xml:space="preserve">ſia la parte del lume di ſopra riſtretta per un quarto della detta impo-
              <lb/>
            ſta. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10151" xml:space="preserve">Se da uenticinque, à trenta per la ottaua parte. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10152" xml:space="preserve">Ma nel reſto quanto è l’altezza maggiore tanto piu dritto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10153" xml:space="preserve">à
              <lb/>
            piombo ſi deue lauorare. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10154" xml:space="preserve">Ma le erte ſi ſaranno groſſe nella fronte per la duodecima parte del lume, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10155" xml:space="preserve">raſtremate ſia
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0122-04" xlink:href="note-0122-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
            no di ſopra la quartadecima parte della loro groſſezza del ſopraciglio, ſia quanto la groſſezza di ſopra delle erte. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10156" xml:space="preserve">La
              <lb/>
            Cimaſa, ò Gola ſia per la ſeſta parte dell’erta. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10157" xml:space="preserve">Lo ſporto quanto e la groſſezza, deueſi ſcolpire, la Cimaſa Lesbia con
              <lb/>
            il tondino. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10158" xml:space="preserve">Ma ſopra la Cimaſa che è poſta ſopra il ſopraciglio, porre ſi deue il ſoprafrontale della groſſezza del ſo-
              <lb/>
            praciglio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10159" xml:space="preserve">in quello ſcolpirui la Cimaſa Dorica, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10160" xml:space="preserve">il tondino Lesbio di ſcoltura di baſſo rilieuo; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10161" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10162" xml:space="preserve">dipoi ſi faccia
              <lb/>
            la Cornice piana con, la ſua Cimaſa, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10163" xml:space="preserve">lo ſporto ſera quanto è l’altezza del ſopraciglio, che ſopra l’erte s’impone. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10164" xml:space="preserve">Ma
              <lb/>
            dalla deſtra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10165" xml:space="preserve">dalla ſiniſtra gli ſporti ſi deono fare in queſto modo, che le margini uenghino in fuori, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10166" xml:space="preserve">nella cima
              <lb/>
            le gole, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10167" xml:space="preserve">cimaſe ſi cõgiunghino inſieme.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10168" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10169" xml:space="preserve">Prima, che ad altro ſi uegni, parmi neceſſario dichiarire alcuni uocaboli oſcuri, che ſono posti da Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10170" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10171" xml:space="preserve">ſono questi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10172" xml:space="preserve">Antepagmentum, Thyro-
              <lb/>
            mata, Atticurgis, Hypothiron, Lacunare, Supercilium, Cimatium Leſbium, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10173" xml:space="preserve">Doricum. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10174" xml:space="preserve">A ſtragalus Leſbius, Sima Scalptura, Crepidines.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10175" xml:space="preserve">A dunque A ntepagmentum da noi è detta l’ Erta delle porte, cioe quelle pietre che stanno dritte da una banda, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10176" xml:space="preserve">dall’altra delle porte, ma io
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0122-05" xlink:href="note-0122-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
            non dubito che ancho non ſi dica Antepagmentum quello, che ſta attrauerſo, perche Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10177" xml:space="preserve">dice che la cornice, che sta ſopra l’ Antepagmento
              <lb/>
            di ſopra, io ho interpretato la impoſta di ſopra. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10178" xml:space="preserve">Thyromata ſigniſica le porte. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10179" xml:space="preserve">A tticurges è parola uſata da Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10180" xml:space="preserve">altroue, e pare che Vitr.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10181" xml:space="preserve">intenda il Corinthio, per quello, che ſi uede nel ſine del preſente capo, e ſa diſſerenza tra l’ Attico, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10182" xml:space="preserve">il Dorico, perche dice che ſono le por-
              <lb/>
            te di tre maniere, la Dorica, la Ionica, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10183" xml:space="preserve">l’ Attica. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10184" xml:space="preserve">Et di ſopra ancho nel Terzo Libro ha ſatto mentione della Baſa ſatta alla Attica, laquale
              <lb/>
            dapoi Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10185" xml:space="preserve">e ſtata preſa per la Baſa Dorica: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10186" xml:space="preserve">con che ragione io no! sò. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10187" xml:space="preserve">Ben dice Plin. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10188" xml:space="preserve">eſſer quattro maniere di colonne, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10189" xml:space="preserve">ui numera l’ Attica,
              <lb/>
            che è quadrangulare, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10190" xml:space="preserve">ha quattro lati eguali, di modo, che queſta maniera pare ſeparata dalle altre. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10191" xml:space="preserve">Ma può eſſer, che la Corinthia, che non
              <lb/>
            ha niente di propio ſe non il Capitello ſi ſerua di questa maniera, ſi come della Dorica, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10192" xml:space="preserve">della Ionica. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10193" xml:space="preserve">Lacunar quello, che ſia io l’hò eſpoſto
              <lb/>
            di ſopra. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10194" xml:space="preserve">Lacus è lo ſpatio tra un traue, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10195" xml:space="preserve">l’altro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10196" xml:space="preserve">Lacunare, e la trauatura, cioè il traue, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10197" xml:space="preserve">lo ſpatio. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10198" xml:space="preserve">Supercilium, Dante dice ſopra-
              <lb/>
            limitar dell’ alta porta, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10199" xml:space="preserve">quella pietra, che è ſopra le erte della porta. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10200" xml:space="preserve">Cimatium. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10201" xml:space="preserve">Io ho detto nel Terzo, che Cimatium e nome Greco, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10202" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            uuol dir onda picciola, hoggi ſi chiama Cimaſa, altri la dicono Gola, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10203" xml:space="preserve">quella che è Dorica, e chiara nelle opere Doriche. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10204" xml:space="preserve">Ma quello, che ſia
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0122-06" xlink:href="note-0122-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
            la Cimaſa Leſbia, pare che ſia una Gola lauorata, ſi come dice il Filandro, ma io anchora non ſon riſoluto bene, ſe la coſa e coſi, perche non il
              <lb/>
            lauoro, ma la ſorma, e quella, che deue ſar diſſerente la Gola, ò Cimaſa Leſbia dalla Dorica, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10205" xml:space="preserve">ſorſe e quella diſſerenza, che è tra la Gola
              <lb/>
            dritta, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10206" xml:space="preserve">la riuerſcia come è da un ל
              <unsure/>
            diſteſo ad un S riuerſo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10207" xml:space="preserve">Aſtragalus Leſbius, e come un mezzo tondino, e uuouoletto, ſi come pone Fi-
              <lb/>
            landro lauorato di baſſo rilieuo, che Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10208" xml:space="preserve">dice ſima ſcalptura, che uolgarmente Semo ſi dice il naſo, delle Capre. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10209" xml:space="preserve">Crepidines ſono le margini,
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10210" xml:space="preserve">gli adornamenti, che uanno à torno le porte, cioe i membrelli, che attrauerſo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10211" xml:space="preserve">per dritto corrono d’intorno la erte. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10212" xml:space="preserve">Hypothyron e lo ſpa
              <lb/>
            tio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10213" xml:space="preserve">il uano della porta chiamato Lumen da Vit. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10214" xml:space="preserve">Horaeſponero il teſto. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10215" xml:space="preserve">Dice Vit. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10216" xml:space="preserve">che prima biſogna ſapere di che maniere eſſer deue la por
              <lb/>
            ta, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10217" xml:space="preserve">dice, che tre ſono le manierc delle porte. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10218" xml:space="preserve">La Dorica, la Ionica, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10219" xml:space="preserve">l’Attica. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10220" xml:space="preserve">Troua poi le miſure della porta Dorica, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10221" xml:space="preserve">dice che la cor-
              <lb/>
            nice, che ua di ſopra le impoſte, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10222" xml:space="preserve">A ntepagmenti di ſopra deue andare à liuello con i capitelli delle colõne dello Antitempio, ce inſegna poi à
              <lb/>
            cõpartire tutto lo ſpacio, che è dalla ſommita della detta cornice inſino in terra, et una parte da al lume, l’altra al reſto de gli adornamenti. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10223" xml:space="preserve">Vuo-
              <lb/>
            le che ſi deue partire l’altezza del Tempio dal pauimento alla trauatura, che à ſopra l’Architraue in tre partie mezza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10224" xml:space="preserve">da due quella al-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0122-07" xlink:href="note-0122-07a" xml:space="preserve">70</note>
            l’altezza del lume, e parte queſta altezza in dodici parti, et ne da di quelle cinque e mezza alla l’arghezza del lume da Baſſo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10225" xml:space="preserve">uuole, che ſia
              <lb/>
            raſtremato il lume di ſopra con queſta ragione, che ſe il lume da Baſſo ſera da ſedeci fin uenticique piedi, ſi raſtremi la parte di ſopra, per un
              <lb/>
            quarto della groβezza dell’erta, ſe da 25. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10226" xml:space="preserve">à 30. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10227" xml:space="preserve">per la ottaua, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10228" xml:space="preserve">qui ſi deue conſiderare à che ſine queſto lume ſia raſtremato, perche queſta
              <lb/>
            regola non e per lo piu oſeruata ne gli ediſici antichi, anzi nel Tempio di Tioli ſolamente ſe ne troua l’eſſempio, ſorſe e per maggior ſortez-
              <lb/>
            za, forſe perche ſi uede tra le colonne meglio la porta da lontano. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10229" xml:space="preserve">Similmente egli ſa le erte groſſe per la duodecima parte del lume, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10230" xml:space="preserve">raſtre-
              <lb/>
            ma ancho quelle di ſopra la quartadecima parte della loro groſſezza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10231" xml:space="preserve">coſi ſin qui hauemo il lume, i ſuoi termim, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10232" xml:space="preserve">l’ultimo ſpatio della </s>
          </p>
        </div>
      </text>
    </echo>
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