Vitruvius Pollio, I dieci libri dell?architettura, 1567

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <subchap1>
              <subchap2>
                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.000986">
                    <pb pagenum="45" xlink:href="045/01/053.jpg"/>
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  inſieme, de i quali ſe uno ſarà a ciaſcuno de i tre eguale, giuſto, & dritto ſarà detto. </s>
                  <s id="s.000987">& quel
                    <lb/>
                  li, che del dritto ſaranno minori, ſtretti, & acuti ſaranno chiamati, & i maggiori larghi, ot­
                    <lb/>
                  tuſi, & rintuzzati. </s>
                  <s id="s.000988">Delle linee alcune ſon dritte, & ſono quelle il mezo delle quali non adona
                    <lb/>
                  bra gli eſtremi, & che tra due punti nel piu breue ſpacio ſi contengono: altre ſono piegate,
                    <lb/>
                  & torte, & ſono quelle, che col mezo loro eſcono de gli eſtremi. </s>
                  <s id="s.000989">Delle piegate alcune ſono
                    <lb/>
                  parti del circolo. </s>
                  <s id="s.000990">Circolo è figura piana, & ſoperficiale rinchiuſa da una linea, dal cui centro
                    <lb/>
                  che & punto immobile nel mezo, tutte le linee tirate alla circonferenza ſono eguali. </s>
                  <s id="s.000991">La linea
                    <lb/>
                  piegata da gli Architetti è chiamata Arco, intendo della ſimplice. </s>
                  <s id="s.000992">Corda poi ſi dice quel­
                    <lb/>
                  la linea, che paſſa da un capo dell' Arco all' altro. </s>
                  <s id="s.000993">Saetta ſi chiama quella, che dal mezo del
                    <lb/>
                  la corda con anguli eguali aſcende alla circonferenza dell' arco. </s>
                  <s id="s.000994">Raggio è quella, che dall' immo
                    <lb/>
                  bil punto peruiene alla circonferenza. </s>
                  <s id="s.000995">Diametro quella, che paſſa per lo centro, & diuide il
                    <lb/>
                  circolo in due parti eguali. </s>
                  <s id="s.000996">Intiero arco è il ſemicircolo. </s>
                  <s id="s.000997">Diminuito, & ſcemo quello, che è
                    <lb/>
                  minore, cioè che ha la corda ſua minore del diametro. </s>
                  <s id="s.000998">Il compoſto è di due archi diminuti: &
                    <lb/>
                  però fa nella ſommità uno angulo di due archi. </s>
                  <s id="s.000999">gli eſſempi delle predette coſe ſono qui ſotto
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
                </p>
                <figure id="id.045.01.053.1.jpg" xlink:href="045/01/053/1.jpg" number="8"/>
                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.001000">
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Hora la natura de i luogi porta ſanità è fortezza: hora l'Arte: hara l'una, & l'altra. </s>
                  <s id="s.001001">Nel
                    <lb/>
                  primo caſo egli ſi deue conoſcere quello, che di natura ſuo è buono. </s>
                  <s id="s.001002">come ſi ha dal prece­
                    <lb/>
                  dente Capo. </s>
                  <s id="s.001003">nel ſecondo biſogna por mano al Diſcorſo, come ſi dirà nel ſeguente. </s>
                  <s id="s.001004">Nè uoglio
                    <lb/>
                  hora commendare la conſuetudine delle genti ſtraniere, che hora nelle amplißime ſolitudini, &
                    <lb/>
                  diſerti habitando, hora ne gli aſprißimi monti, & tra le oſcurißime ſelue riducendoſi, & alcu
                    <lb/>
                  na fiata in mezo di larghiſſime paludi, quaſi attuffandoſi, & habitando luoghi ſteriliſſimi ſicu­
                    <lb/>
                  ri ſi chiamauano da ogni uiolenza. </s>
                  <s id="s.001005">comè ſi legge ne i commentarij de' Germani: & altroue
                    <lb/>
                  de gli Irlandi, & Scoceſi: non lodo io queſti auantaggi: percioche non mi pare, che egli ſi deb
                    <lb/>
                  bia eleggere la pouertà, perche niuno ci porti inuidia: nè anche ſognarei un poetico mondo, o
                    <lb/>
                  terreſtre paradiſo: doue i fiumi di latte correno, mele ſudano le quercie, manna e nettare pioue­
                    <lb/>
                  no i cieli: peroche all' humana neceſſità ſi puo con mediocre & conueneuole habitatione proue­
                    <lb/>
                  dere, & quelle copie piu preſto deſiderare, che hauere ſi poſſono. </s>
                  <s id="s.001006">Quanto adunque richiede la
                    <lb/>
                  uita de gli huomini, eleggaſi la Città in tal ſito, che ella ſi notriſca del ſuo tenitorio, che non
                    <lb/>
                  poſſa di leggieri eſſere aſſalita, che ſia libera alle ſortite, & che habbia le ſopradette conditio­
                    <lb/>
                  ni: dapoi habbiaſi cura di fondare la muraglia. </s>
                  <s id="s.001007">Gli inditij di buono, & ſodo terreno ſono;
                    <lb/>
                  che ne i luoghi, ne i quali s'ha da fondare, non ui ſiano herbe ſolite di naſcere in luoghi humi
                    <lb/>
                  di, che nel paeſe d'intorno ſiano ſaſſi acuti & ſodi, & alberi ſolo naſcenti in luoghi aſciutti:
                    <lb/>
                  che non ui ſiano acque ſortiue ſotto: ſe il terreno per li peſi in terra gettati, non riſuonerà
                    <lb/>
                  nè l'acqua ripoſta ne' uaſi per li cadimenti ſi muouerà. </s>
                  <s id="s.001008">Le cauationi de i pozzi oltra l'utilità
                    <lb/>
                  dell' acqua, & della materia, ne daranno ſegno della ſodezza del terreno. </s>
                  <s id="s.001009">Il fondamento non
                    <lb/>
                  è parte della fabrica: imperoche la natura ſenza l'aiuto dell' Arte, ſuol darci il luogo fon
                    <lb/>
                  dato, facendoſi il piano ſodiſſimo con alti, & duri ſaſſi: doue non fa biſogno d'alcuna bu-
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
                </p>
              </subchap2>
            </subchap1>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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